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Mattila KE, Vainio P, Jaakkola PM. Prognostic Factors for Localized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Application in Adjuvant Therapy. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(1)doi: 10.3390/cancers14010239.
Mattila, K. E., Vainio, P., & Jaakkola, P. M. (2022). Prognostic Factors for Localized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Application in Adjuvant Therapy. Cancers, 14(1), . https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010239
Mattila, Kalle E, et al. "Prognostic Factors for Localized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Application in Adjuvant Therapy." Cancers vol. 14,1 (2022). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010239
Mattila KE, Vainio P, Jaakkola PM. Prognostic Factors for Localized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Application in Adjuvant Therapy. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jan 04;14(1). doi: 10.3390/cancers14010239. PMID: 35008402; PMCID: PMC8750145.
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Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jan 04;14(1). doi: 10.3390/cancers14010239.

Prognostic Factors for Localized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Application in Adjuvant Therapy.

Cancers

Kalle E Mattila, Paula Vainio, Panu M Jaakkola

Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20521 Turku, Finland.
  2. Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20521 Turku, Finland.

PMID: 35008402 PMCID: PMC8750145 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010239

Abstract

Approximately 20% of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) present with primarily metastatic disease and over 30% of patients with localized RCC will develop distant metastases later, after complete resection of the primary tumor. Accurate postoperative prognostic models are essential for designing personalized surveillance programs, as well as for designing adjuvant therapy and trials. Several clinical and histopathological prognostic factors have been identified and adopted into prognostic algorithms to assess the individual risk for disease recurrence after radical or partial nephrectomy. However, the prediction accuracy of current prognostic models has been studied in retrospective patient cohorts and the optimal set of prognostic features remains unclear. In addition to traditional histopathological prognostic factors, novel biomarkers, such as gene expression profiles and circulating tumor DNA, are extensively studied to supplement existing prognostic algorithms to improve their prediction accuracy. Here, we aim to give an overview of existing prognostic features and prediction models for localized postoperative clear cell RCC and discuss their role in the adjuvant therapy trials. The results of ongoing placebo-controlled adjuvant therapy trials may elucidate prognostic factors and biomarkers that help to define patients at high risk for disease recurrence.

Keywords: adjuvant therapy; biomarker; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; prediction model; prognostic factor

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