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Cells. 2021 Dec 30;11(1). doi: 10.3390/cells11010114.

Heat Shock Protein 22 in Physiological and Pathological Hearts: Small Molecule, Large Potentials.

Cells

Xiaonan Sun, Sharadhi Siri, Amirah Hurst, Hongyu Qiu

Affiliations

  1. Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.

PMID: 35011676 PMCID: PMC8750610 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010114

Abstract

Small heat shock protein 22 (HSP22) belongs to the superfamily of heat shock proteins and is predominantly expressed in the heart, brain, skeletal muscle, and different types of cancers. It has been found that HSP22 is involved in variant cellular functions in cardiomyocytes and plays a vital role in cardiac protection against cardiomyocyte injury under diverse stress. This review summarizes the multiple functions of HSP22 in the heart and the underlying molecular mechanisms through modulating gene transcription, post-translational modification, subcellular translocation of its interacting proteins, and protein degradation, facilitating mitochondrial function, cardiac metabolism, autophagy, and ROS production and antiapoptotic effect. We also discuss the association of HSP22 in cardiac pathologies, including human dilated cardiomyopathy, pressure overload-induced heart failure, ischemic heart diseases, and aging-related cardiac metabolism disorder. The collected information would provide insights into the understanding of the HSP22 in heart diseases and lead to discovering the therapeutic targets.

Keywords: HSP22; aging; cardiac hypertrophy; cardiomyopathy; heart; myocardial ischemia

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