Review of recent epidemiological studies of mental retardation: prevalence, associated disorders, and etiology.

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Am J Ment Retard. 1987 Nov;92(3):243-54.

Review of recent epidemiological studies of mental retardation: prevalence, associated disorders, and etiology.

American journal of mental retardation : AJMR

J McLaren, S E Bryson

Affiliations

Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

PMID: 3322329

Abstract

Recent epidemiological studies of mental retardation were critically reviewed. Data pertaining to prevalence, associated disorders, and etiology were examined. The prevalence both of severe and of mild retardation is generally found to be 3 to 4 per 1,000, although estimates vary with gender, age, and method of ascertainment (e.g., data derived from total population screening yield even higher rates). A wide range of disorders were found to be associated with mental retardation. The etiology of up to 50% of cases was unknown. Of those remaining, prenatal factors were implicated about twice as often as peri- or postnatal factors. Discussion was focused on the implications of current findings for future research.

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