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Kanatsuna N, Papadopoulos GK, Moustakas AK, et al. Etiopathogenesis of insulin autoimmunity. Anat Res Int. 2012;2012:457546doi: 10.1155/2012/457546.
Kanatsuna, N., Papadopoulos, G. K., Moustakas, A. K., & Lenmark, A. (2012). Etiopathogenesis of insulin autoimmunity. Anatomy research international, 2012457546. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457546
Kanatsuna, Norio, et al. "Etiopathogenesis of insulin autoimmunity." Anatomy research international vol. 2012 (2012): 457546. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457546
Kanatsuna N, Papadopoulos GK, Moustakas AK, Lenmark A. Etiopathogenesis of insulin autoimmunity. Anat Res Int. 2012;2012:457546. doi: 10.1155/2012/457546. Epub 2012 Feb 22. PMID: 22567309; PMCID: PMC3335545.
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Anat Res Int. 2012;2012:457546. doi: 10.1155/2012/457546. Epub 2012 Feb 22.

Etiopathogenesis of insulin autoimmunity.

Anatomy research international

Norio Kanatsuna, George K Papadopoulos, Antonis K Moustakas, Ake Lenmark

Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Lund University, CRC Ing 72 Building 91:10, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.

PMID: 22567309 PMCID: PMC3335545 DOI: 10.1155/2012/457546

Abstract

Autoimmunity against pancreatic islet beta cells is strongly associated with proinsulin, insulin, or both. The insulin autoreactivity is particularly pronounced in children with young age at onset of type 1 diabetes. Possible mechanisms for (pro)insulin autoimmunity may involve beta-cell destruction resulting in proinsulin peptide presentation on HLA-DR-DQ Class II molecules in pancreatic draining lymphnodes. Recent data on proinsulin peptide binding to type 1 diabetes-associated HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 is reviewed and illustrated by molecular modeling. The importance of the cellular immune reaction involving cytotoxic CD8-positive T cells to kill beta cells through Class I MHC is discussed along with speculations of the possible role of B lymphocytes in presenting the proinsulin autoantigen over and over again through insulin-carrying insulin autoantibodies. In contrast to autoantibodies against other islet autoantigens such as GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8 transporters, it has not been possible yet to standardize the insulin autoantibody test. As islet autoantibodies predict type 1 diabetes, it is imperative to clarify the mechanisms of insulin autoimmunity.

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