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Cohen S, Gianaros PJ, Manuck SB. A Stage Model of Stress and Disease. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2016;11(4):456-63doi: 10.1177/1745691616646305.
Cohen, S., Gianaros, P. J., & Manuck, S. B. (2016). A Stage Model of Stress and Disease. Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 11(4), 456-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691616646305
Cohen, Sheldon, et al. "A Stage Model of Stress and Disease." Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science vol. 11,4 (2016): 456-63. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691616646305
Cohen S, Gianaros PJ, Manuck SB. A Stage Model of Stress and Disease. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2016 Jul;11(4):456-63. doi: 10.1177/1745691616646305. PMID: 27474134; PMCID: PMC5647867.
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Perspect Psychol Sci. 2016 Jul;11(4):456-63. doi: 10.1177/1745691616646305.

A Stage Model of Stress and Disease.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

Sheldon Cohen, Peter J Gianaros, Stephen B Manuck

Affiliations

  1. Carnegie Melon University [email protected].
  2. University of Pittsburgh.

PMID: 27474134 PMCID: PMC5647867 DOI: 10.1177/1745691616646305

Abstract

In this article, we argued that the term stress has served as a valuable heuristic, helping researchers to integrate traditions that illuminate different stages of the process linking stressful life events to disease. We provided a short history of three traditions in the study of stress: the epidemiological, psychological, and biological. The epidemiological tradition focuses on defining which circumstances and experiences are deemed stressful on the basis of consensual agreement that they constitute threats to social or physical well-being. The psychological tradition focuses on individuals' perceptions of the stress presented by life events on the basis of their appraisals of the threats posed and the availability of effective coping resources. The biological tradition focuses on brain-based perturbations of physiological systems that are otherwise essential for normal homeostatic regulation and metabolic control. The foci of these three traditions have informed elements of a stage model of disease, wherein events appraised as stressful are viewed as triggering affective states that in turn engender behavioral and biological responses having possible downstream implications for disease.

© The Author(s) 2016.

Keywords: stress; stress and disease; stress mechanisms

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