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Kirchheimer B, Schinkel CC, Dellinger AS, et al. A matter of scale: apparent niche differentiation of diploid and tetraploid plants may depend on extent and grain of analysis. J Biogeogr. 2016;43(4):716-726doi: 10.1111/jbi.12663.
Kirchheimer, B., Schinkel, C. C., Dellinger, A. S., Klatt, S., Moser, D., Winkler, M., Lenoir, J., Caccianiga, M., Guisan, A., Nieto-Lugilde, D., Svenning, J. C., Thuiller, W., Vittoz, P., Willner, W., Zimmermann, N. E., Hörandl, E., & Dullinger, S. (2016). A matter of scale: apparent niche differentiation of diploid and tetraploid plants may depend on extent and grain of analysis. Journal of biogeography, 43(4), 716-726. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12663
Kirchheimer, Bernhard, et al. "A matter of scale: apparent niche differentiation of diploid and tetraploid plants may depend on extent and grain of analysis." Journal of biogeography vol. 43,4 (2016): 716-726. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12663
Kirchheimer B, Schinkel CC, Dellinger AS, Klatt S, Moser D, Winkler M, Lenoir J, Caccianiga M, Guisan A, Nieto-Lugilde D, Svenning JC, Thuiller W, Vittoz P, Willner W, Zimmermann NE, Hörandl E, Dullinger S. A matter of scale: apparent niche differentiation of diploid and tetraploid plants may depend on extent and grain of analysis. J Biogeogr. 2016 Mar 22;43(4):716-726. doi: 10.1111/jbi.12663. PMID: 27482126; PMCID: PMC4966631.
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J Biogeogr. 2016 Mar 22;43(4):716-726. doi: 10.1111/jbi.12663.

A matter of scale: apparent niche differentiation of diploid and tetraploid plants may depend on extent and grain of analysis.

Journal of biogeography

Bernhard Kirchheimer, Christoph C F Schinkel, Agnes S Dellinger, Simone Klatt, Dietmar Moser, Manuela Winkler, Jonathan Lenoir, Marco Caccianiga, Antoine Guisan, Diego Nieto-Lugilde, Jens-Christian Svenning, Wilfried Thuiller, Pascal Vittoz, Wolfgang Willner, Niklaus E Zimmermann, Elvira Hörandl, Stefan Dullinger

Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
  2. Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
  3. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria; GLORIA co-ordination, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Center for Global Change and Sustainability, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria.
  4. UR Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRSUPJV), Jules Verne University of Picardie, F-80037 Amiens Cedex 1, France.
  5. Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
  6. Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne,, Switzerland; Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  7. Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD 21532, USA.
  8. Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
  9. Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA), Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA), CNRS, GrenobleF-38000, France.
  10. Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne,, Switzerland.
  11. Vienna Institute for Nature Conservation and Analyses, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
  12. Landscape Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf CH-8903, Switzerland; Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.

PMID: 27482126 PMCID: PMC4966631 DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12663

Abstract

AIM: Emerging polyploids may depend on environmental niche shifts for successful establishment. Using the alpine plant

LOCATION: European Alps.

METHODS: We sampled 12 individuals from each of 102 populations of

RESULTS: All comparisons indicate that the niches of the two cytotypes differ in optima and/or breadths, but results vary in important details. The whole-range analysis suggests differentiation along the temperature gradient to be most important. However, sympatric comparisons indicate that this climatic shift was not a direct response to competition with diploid ancestors. Moreover, fine-grained analyses demonstrate niche contraction of tetraploids, especially in the sympatric range, that goes undetected with coarse-grained data.

MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Although the niche optima of the two cytotypes differ, separation along ecological gradients was probably less decisive for polyploid establishment than a shift towards facultative apomixis, a particularly effective strategy to avoid minority cytotype exclusion. In addition, our results suggest that coarse-grained analyses overestimate niche breadths of widely distributed taxa. Niche comparison analyses should hence be conducted at environmental data resolutions appropriate for the organism and question under study.

Keywords: European Alps; Ranunculus kuepferi; alpine plants; apomixis; competition; indicator values; niche breadth; niche shift; polyploidization; spatial grain

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