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Hyde JanetShibley. Women in Science: Gender Similarities in Abilities and Sociocultural Forces. 2007;131-145doi: 10.1037/11546-011.
Hyde, J. a. n. e. t. S. h. i. b. l. e. y. (2007). Women in Science: Gender Similarities in Abilities and Sociocultural Forces. 131-145. https://doi.org/10.1037/11546-011
Hyde, Janet Shibley. "Women in Science: Gender Similarities in Abilities and Sociocultural Forces." vol. (2007): 131-145. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/11546-011
Hyde JanetShibley. Women in Science: Gender Similarities in Abilities and Sociocultural Forces. 2007;131-145. doi: 10.1037/11546-011. UIID-AD: 1806.
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2007;131-145. doi: 10.1037/11546-011.

Women in Science: Gender Similarities in Abilities and Sociocultural Forces.

Janet Shibley Hyde

UIID-AD: 1806 DOI: 10.1037/11546-011

Abstract

In the United States, women are underrepresented at the highest levels in the physical sciences but not in the biological sciences. In 2000, women earned 25% of the PhDs in the physical sciences, but they were near parity (43%) with men for PhDs in the biological sciences (National Science Foundation, 2002). In seeking to explain the underrepresentation of women in the physical sciences, we can ask three crucial questions: (a) Do women, compared with men, lack the abilities needed for success in the physical sciences? That is, is there a gender difference in these abilities favoring men? (b) If gender differences exist, are they the result of sociocultural factors? and (c) Depending on the answers to the first two questions, how can we close the gender gap in the physical sciences? This chapter addresses each question in turn. Success in the physical sciences requires many abilities. Chief among them are mathematical, spatial, and verbal abilities, the first two for doing the science and the third for presenting one's work in scientific articles and at conferences. Researchers have amassed mountains of data on gender differences in mathematical, spatial, and verbal abilities. They have synthesized the results of all these studies using a statistical technique called meta-analysis. Therefore, before reviewing the evidence on gender differences in abilities, I provide a brief explanation of meta-analysis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved). (chapter)

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