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Undergraduate training programs stem

[No authors listed]
GSID: p_fwH7iVrWEJ
POFP TO - academic.oup.com

… element in the Division of Training Programs, Bureau of Education for … The course is designed to acquaint undergraduate and … Part of FDA's reluctance to license chymopapain may stem …

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TO, P. O. P. selected data.
TO, PREPARATION OF PERSONNEL. "selected data."
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Chemonucleolysis. Development, experience, perspectives.

Der Orthopade

Steffen R, von Bremen-Kühne R.
PMID: 28246917
Orthopade. 1999 Jul;28(7):609-614. doi: 10.1007/PL00003649.

Concerning the so-called minimal invasive procedures currently available for the treatment of lumbar disc prolapse (percutaneous endoscopic discectomy, APLD, laser decompression, chemonucleolysis), the intradiscal application of Chymopapain represents the method with the longest period of clinical use and experience....

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Steffen R, von Bremen-Kühne R. Chemonukleolyse. Entwicklung, Erfahrungen, Perspektiven. Chemonucleolysis. Development, experience, perspectives. Orthopade. 1999;28(7):609-614doi: 10.1007/PL00003649.
Steffen, R., & von Bremen-Kühne, R. (1999). Chemonukleolyse. Entwicklung, Erfahrungen, Perspektiven. Chemonucleolysis. Development, experience, perspectives. Der Orthopade, 28(7), 609-614. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00003649
Steffen, R, and von Bremen-Kühne, R. "Chemonukleolyse. Entwicklung, Erfahrungen, Perspektiven." Chemonucleolysis. Development, experience, perspectives. Der Orthopade vol. 28,7 (1999): 609-614. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00003649
Steffen R, von Bremen-Kühne R. Chemonukleolyse. Entwicklung, Erfahrungen, Perspektiven. Chemonucleolysis. Development, experience, perspectives. Orthopade. 1999 Jul;28(7):609-614. doi: 10.1007/PL00003649. PMID: 28246917.
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Cervical Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis.

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology

Krause D, Grafe JL, Maithor D, Tongio J.
PMID: 11387068
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 1997;1(2):207-214. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1080140.

Cervical chemonucleolysis probably represents the treatment of choice in case of a C6-C7 radiculalgia. This technique must be performed by specialists, given the particular anatomy which is in front of the cervical disk, within the soft tissues. For the...

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Krause D, Grafe JL, Maithor D, et al. Cervical Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 1997;1(2):207-214doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1080140.
Krause, D., Grafe, J. L., Maithor, D., & Tongio, J. (1997). Cervical Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis. Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology, 1(2), 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1080140
Krause, Denis, et al. "Cervical Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis." Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology vol. 1,2 (1997): 207-214. doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1080140
Krause D, Grafe JL, Maithor D, Tongio J. Cervical Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 1997;1(2):207-214. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1080140. PMID: 11387068.
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Naturally occurring protein crystals in the potato : inhibitor of papain, chymopapain, and ficin.

Plant physiology

Rodis P, Hoff JE.
PMID: 16663531
Plant Physiol. 1984 Apr;74(4):907-11. doi: 10.1104/pp.74.4.907.

Protein crystals isolated from potato tubers were found to consist of a proteinase inhibitor active against the cysteine proteinases papain, chymopapain, and ficin. The molecular weight as determined by gel filtration at pH 4.3 or by gel electrophoresis in...

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Rodis P, Hoff JE. Naturally occurring protein crystals in the potato : inhibitor of papain, chymopapain, and ficin. Plant Physiol. 1984;74(4):907-11doi: 10.1104/pp.74.4.907.
Rodis, P., & Hoff, J. E. (1984). Naturally occurring protein crystals in the potato : inhibitor of papain, chymopapain, and ficin. Plant physiology, 74(4), 907-11. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.74.4.907
Rodis, P, and Hoff, J E. "Naturally occurring protein crystals in the potato : inhibitor of papain, chymopapain, and ficin." Plant physiology vol. 74,4 (1984): 907-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.74.4.907
Rodis P, Hoff JE. Naturally occurring protein crystals in the potato : inhibitor of papain, chymopapain, and ficin. Plant Physiol. 1984 Apr;74(4):907-11. doi: 10.1104/pp.74.4.907. PMID: 16663531; PMCID: PMC1066790.
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Short term biomechanical effects of chymopapain injection; an in vitro investigation of human lumbar motion segments.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)

Brinckmann P, Horst M.
PMID: 23915442
Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 1986 Feb;1(1):14-9. doi: 10.1016/0268-0033(86)90031-8.

Intradiscal injections of therapeutic doses of chymopapain were performed on specimens of the human lumbar spine. The changes in disc height, intradiscal pressure and endplate stress distribution, as well as in bending and flexion mobility, were observed during 8...

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Brinckmann P, Horst M. Short term biomechanical effects of chymopapain injection; an in vitro investigation of human lumbar motion segments. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 1986;1(1):14-9doi: 10.1016/0268-0033(86)90031-8.
Brinckmann, P., & Horst, M. (1986). Short term biomechanical effects of chymopapain injection; an in vitro investigation of human lumbar motion segments. Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 1(1), 14-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0268-0033(86)90031-8
Brinckmann, P, and Horst, M. "Short term biomechanical effects of chymopapain injection; an in vitro investigation of human lumbar motion segments." Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) vol. 1,1 (1986): 14-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0268-0033(86)90031-8
Brinckmann P, Horst M. Short term biomechanical effects of chymopapain injection; an in vitro investigation of human lumbar motion segments. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 1986 Feb;1(1):14-9. doi: 10.1016/0268-0033(86)90031-8. PMID: 23915442.
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Lumbar Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis.

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology

Chicheportiche V, Parlier-Cuau C, Champsaur P, Laredo JD.
PMID: 11387067
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 1997;1(2):197-206. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1080139.

Lumbar chemonucleolysis is an alternative treatment of the sciatic pain due to a disc herniation. It gives good results in 70 to 80% of selected patients. When a correct technique is used, the complication rate is lesser than that...

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Chicheportiche V, Parlier-Cuau C, Champsaur P, et al. Lumbar Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 1997;1(2):197-206doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1080139.
Chicheportiche, V., Parlier-Cuau, C., Champsaur, P., & Laredo, J. D. (1997). Lumbar Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis. Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology, 1(2), 197-206. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1080139
Chicheportiche, Valerie, et al. "Lumbar Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis." Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology vol. 1,2 (1997): 197-206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1080139
Chicheportiche V, Parlier-Cuau C, Champsaur P, Laredo JD. Lumbar Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 1997;1(2):197-206. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1080139. PMID: 11387067.
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Protease-catalyzed tripeptide (RGD) synthesis.

Enzyme and microbial technology

So J, Shin J, Kim B.
PMID: 10689065
Enzyme Microb Technol. 2000 Feb 01;26(2):108-114. doi: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00132-5.

The tripeptide Bz-Arg-Gly-Asp(-OMe)-OH was synthesized by enzymatic method. Bz-Arg-Gly-OEt was synthesized by trypsin in ethanol containing 0.1 M Tris/HCl buffer (pH 8.0), and then H-Asp(-OMe)(2) was incorporated into the Bz-Arg-Gly-OEt using chymopapain in 0.25M CHES/NaOH buffer (pH = 9.0,...

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So J, Shin J, Kim B. Protease-catalyzed tripeptide (RGD) synthesis. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2000;26(2):108-114doi: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00132-5.
So, J., Shin, J., & Kim, B. (2000). Protease-catalyzed tripeptide (RGD) synthesis. Enzyme and microbial technology, 26(2), 108-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00132-5
So, et al. "Protease-catalyzed tripeptide (RGD) synthesis." Enzyme and microbial technology vol. 26,2 (2000): 108-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00132-5
So J, Shin J, Kim B. Protease-catalyzed tripeptide (RGD) synthesis. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2000 Feb 01;26(2):108-114. doi: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00132-5. PMID: 10689065.
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Brain Activation in a Cynomolgus Macaque Model of Chymopapain-Induced Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study.

Spine surgery and related research

Ushirozako H, Yoshida G, Togawa D, Omura T, Hasegawa T, Yamato Y, Banno T, Arima H, Oe S, Mihara Y, Yamada T, Natsume T, Ogawa S, Awaga Y, Takamatsu H, Matsuyama Y.
PMID: 31768458
Spine Surg Relat Res. 2019 Apr 05;3(4):368-376. doi: 10.22603/ssrr.2018-0110. eCollection 2019.

INTRODUCTION: There is currently a lack of translatable, preclinical models of low back pain (LBP). Chymopapain, a proteolytic enzyme used to treat lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation, could induce discogenic LBP. The current study developed a behavioral model of...

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Ushirozako H, Yoshida G, Togawa D, et al. Brain Activation in a Cynomolgus Macaque Model of Chymopapain-Induced Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study. Spine Surg Relat Res. 2019;3(4):368-376doi: 10.22603/ssrr.2018-0110.
Ushirozako, H., Yoshida, G., Togawa, D., Omura, T., Hasegawa, T., Yamato, Y., Banno, T., Arima, H., Oe, S., Mihara, Y., Yamada, T., Natsume, T., Ogawa, S., Awaga, Y., Takamatsu, H., & Matsuyama, Y. (2019). Brain Activation in a Cynomolgus Macaque Model of Chymopapain-Induced Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study. Spine surgery and related research, 3(4), 368-376. https://doi.org/10.22603/ssrr.2018-0110
Ushirozako, Hiroki, et al. "Brain Activation in a Cynomolgus Macaque Model of Chymopapain-Induced Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study." Spine surgery and related research vol. 3,4 (2019): 368-376. doi: https://doi.org/10.22603/ssrr.2018-0110
Ushirozako H, Yoshida G, Togawa D, Omura T, Hasegawa T, Yamato Y, Banno T, Arima H, Oe S, Mihara Y, Yamada T, Natsume T, Ogawa S, Awaga Y, Takamatsu H, Matsuyama Y. Brain Activation in a Cynomolgus Macaque Model of Chymopapain-Induced Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study. Spine Surg Relat Res. 2019 Apr 05;3(4):368-376. doi: 10.22603/ssrr.2018-0110. eCollection 2019. PMID: 31768458; PMCID: PMC6834467.
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Chemonucleolysis with chondroitin sulfate ABC endolyase as a novel minimally invasive treatment for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong)

Ishibashi K, Iwai H, Koga H.
PMID: 31380500
J Spine Surg. 2019 Jun;5:S115-S121. doi: 10.21037/jss.2019.04.24.

Chemonucleolysis is a minimally invasive treatment for cervical and lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IDH). While this procedure has existed for more than 50 years, it has yet to become an established practice. The main reason for this is the...

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Ishibashi K, Iwai H, Koga H. Chemonucleolysis with chondroitin sulfate ABC endolyase as a novel minimally invasive treatment for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. J Spine Surg. 2019;5:S115-S121doi: 10.21037/jss.2019.04.24.
Ishibashi, K., Iwai, H., & Koga, H. (2019). Chemonucleolysis with chondroitin sulfate ABC endolyase as a novel minimally invasive treatment for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong), 5S115-S121. https://doi.org/10.21037/jss.2019.04.24
Ishibashi, Katsuhiko, et al. "Chemonucleolysis with chondroitin sulfate ABC endolyase as a novel minimally invasive treatment for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation." Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) vol. 5 (2019): S115-S121. doi: https://doi.org/10.21037/jss.2019.04.24
Ishibashi K, Iwai H, Koga H. Chemonucleolysis with chondroitin sulfate ABC endolyase as a novel minimally invasive treatment for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. J Spine Surg. 2019 Jun;5:S115-S121. doi: 10.21037/jss.2019.04.24. PMID: 31380500; PMCID: PMC6626749.
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Cervical automated discectomy. Report of 150 cases and evolution in the management of failure cases.

Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences

Theron J, Huet H, Coskun O.
PMID: 20682116
Interv Neuroradiol. 1996 Mar 30;2(1):35-44. doi: 10.1177/159101999600200104. Epub 2001 May 15.

SUMMARY: The lumbar automated discectomy system described by Onik has been used in the treatment of cervical disk herniations whose symptomatology resisted medical treatment. Experience on 150 patients is reported showing a 74.5% success rate. This series performed in...

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Theron J, Huet H, Coskun O. Cervical automated discectomy. Report of 150 cases and evolution in the management of failure cases. Interv Neuroradiol. 2001;2(1):35-44doi: 10.1177/159101999600200104.
Theron, J., Huet, H., & Coskun, O. (1996). Cervical automated discectomy. Report of 150 cases and evolution in the management of failure cases. Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences, 2(1), 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/159101999600200104
Theron, J, et al. "Cervical automated discectomy. Report of 150 cases and evolution in the management of failure cases." Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences vol. 2,1 (1996): 35-44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/159101999600200104
Theron J, Huet H, Coskun O. Cervical automated discectomy. Report of 150 cases and evolution in the management of failure cases. Interv Neuroradiol. 1996 Mar 30;2(1):35-44. doi: 10.1177/159101999600200104. Epub 2001 May 15. PMID: 20682116.
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Animal studies and clinical trials of chymodiactin® (chymopapain).

Orthopedics

McDermott D.
PMID: 24822579
Orthopedics. 1983 Dec 01;6(12):1593-6. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19831201-07.

The comparative toxicology studies using chymopapain (Discase®) versus the refined form of chymopapain (Chymodiactin®) are summarized, along with the double-blind clinical studies leading to the release of Chymodiactin®.

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McDermott D. Animal studies and clinical trials of chymodiactin® (chymopapain). Orthopedics. 1983;6(12):1593-6doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19831201-07.
McDermott, D. (1983). Animal studies and clinical trials of chymodiactin® (chymopapain). Orthopedics, 6(12), 1593-6. https://doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-19831201-07
McDermott, D. "Animal studies and clinical trials of chymodiactin® (chymopapain)." Orthopedics vol. 6,12 (1983): 1593-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-19831201-07
McDermott D. Animal studies and clinical trials of chymodiactin® (chymopapain). Orthopedics. 1983 Dec 01;6(12):1593-6. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19831201-07. PMID: 24822579.
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Sciatica caused by disc herniation: Why is Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis denied to our patients?.

International journal of spine surgery

Wardlaw D.
PMID: 28377858
Int J Spine Surg. 2016 Dec 31;10:44. doi: 10.14444/3044. eCollection 2016.

BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to assess the long term outcome on the quality of life of patients with sciatica following treatment with chemonucleolysis, and to assess the complications.METHODS: This is a retrospective review carried out in a consecutive...

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Wardlaw D. Sciatica caused by disc herniation: Why is Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis denied to our patients?. Int J Spine Surg. 2016;10:44doi: 10.14444/3044.
Wardlaw, D. (2016). Sciatica caused by disc herniation: Why is Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis denied to our patients?. International journal of spine surgery, 1044. https://doi.org/10.14444/3044
Wardlaw, Douglas. "Sciatica caused by disc herniation: Why is Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis denied to our patients?." International journal of spine surgery vol. 10 (2016): 44. doi: https://doi.org/10.14444/3044
Wardlaw D. Sciatica caused by disc herniation: Why is Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis denied to our patients?. Int J Spine Surg. 2016 Dec 31;10:44. doi: 10.14444/3044. eCollection 2016. PMID: 28377858; PMCID: PMC5374990.
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