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Villarruel AM, Bigelow A, Alvarez C. Integrating the 3Ds: a nursing perspective. Public Health Rep. 2014;129:37-44doi: 10.1177/00333549141291S208.
Villarruel, A. M., Bigelow, A., & Alvarez, C. (2014). Integrating the 3Ds: a nursing perspective. Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974), 12937-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549141291S208
Villarruel, Antonia M, et al. "Integrating the 3Ds: a nursing perspective." Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) vol. 129 (2014): 37-44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549141291S208
Villarruel AM, Bigelow A, Alvarez C. Integrating the 3Ds: a nursing perspective. Public Health Rep. 2014 Jan-Feb;129:37-44. doi: 10.1177/00333549141291S208. PMID: 24385663; PMCID: PMC3863699.
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Public Health Rep. 2014 Jan-Feb;129:37-44. doi: 10.1177/00333549141291S208.

Integrating the 3Ds: a nursing perspective.

Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)

Antonia M Villarruel, April Bigelow, Carmen Alvarez

Affiliations

  1. University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI.
  2. George Washington University, Washington, DC.

PMID: 24385663 PMCID: PMC3863699 DOI: 10.1177/00333549141291S208

Abstract

The 3Ds (diversity, disparities, and determinants) that serve as a framework for this supplement are concepts that are key foundations of nursing education, practice, and research. Despite this fact, however, the nursing profession has faced challenges recognizing the full potential of these concepts. While their importance is documented and acknowledged, they are not clearly evident or easily recognized within the nursing profession. In fact, there are many barriers to the integration of these concepts. We identify and address two barriers to addressing health disparities and increasing diversity: disconnects and discrimination. Furthermore, we discuss three factors-dissemination, durability, and data-that may facilitate nursing's efforts to integrate the 3Ds into the profession. Five pivotal models that address these barriers and facilitators are presented as exemplars that have the potential to guide efforts to address diversity, disparities, and social determinants of health and act as catalysts for change within the nursing profession.

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