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Lin Y, Wang X, Jin H. EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC patients: mechanisms and strategies. Am J Cancer Res. 2014;4(5):411-35
Lin, Y., Wang, X., & Jin, H. (2014). EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC patients: mechanisms and strategies. American journal of cancer research, 4(5), 411-35.
Lin, Yuxin, et al. "EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC patients: mechanisms and strategies." American journal of cancer research vol. 4,5 (2014): 411-35.
Lin Y, Wang X, Jin H. EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC patients: mechanisms and strategies. Am J Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 06;4(5):411-35. eCollection 2014. PMID: 25232485; PMCID: PMC4163608.
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Am J Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 06;4(5):411-35. eCollection 2014.

EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC patients: mechanisms and strategies.

American journal of cancer research

Yuxin Lin, Xian Wang, Hongchuan Jin

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Runrun Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China.

PMID: 25232485 PMCID: PMC4163608

Abstract

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a kind of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that plays a critical role in the initiation and development of malignant tumors via modulating downstream signaling pathways. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the activating mutations located in the tyrosine kinase domains of EGFR have been demonstrated in multiple researches as the "Achilles' heel" of this deadly disease since they could be well-targeted by epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). However, it's still too early to celebrate since the first-generation EGFR-TKIs such as gefitinib and erlotinib have only achieved limited clinical benefits and acquired resistance to this kind of drugs occurred inevitably in almost all the NSCLC patients. In order to make the most of EGFR-TKIs and develop more effective regimens for the NSCLC patients, researchers majoring in different aspects start a battle against EGFR-TKI resistance. Challenging as it is, we still progress stably and step firmly toward the final victory. This review will summarize the major mechanisms of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, and then discuss the development of rationally designed molecular target drugs in accordance with each mechanism, in the hope of shedding light on the great achievements we have obtained and tough obstacles we have to overcome in the battle against this deadly disease.

Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer; drug resistance; epithelial growth factor receptor; molecular targeted therapy; tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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