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Nat Commun. 2015 Apr 28;6:6857. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7857.

Hyperdominance in Amazonian forest carbon cycling.

Nature communications

Sophie Fauset, Michelle O Johnson, Manuel Gloor, Timothy R Baker, Abel Monteagudo M, Roel J W Brienen, Ted R Feldpausch, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Yadvinder Malhi, Hans ter Steege, Nigel C A Pitman, Christopher Baraloto, Julien Engel, Pascal Pétronelli, Ana Andrade, José Luís C Camargo, Susan G W Laurance, William F Laurance, Jerôme Chave, Elodie Allie, Percy Núñez Vargas, John W Terborgh, Kalle Ruokolainen, Marcos Silveira, Gerardo A Aymard C, Luzmila Arroyo, Damien Bonal, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, David Neill, Bruno Hérault, Aurélie Dourdain, Armando Torres-Lezama, Beatriz S Marimon, Rafael P Salomão, James A Comiskey, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Marisol Toledo, Juan Carlos Licona, Alfredo Alarcón, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Peter J van der Meer, Timothy J Killeen, Ben-Hur Marimon Junior, Lourens Poorter, Rene G A Boot, Basil Stergios, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Flávia R C Costa, Carolina Levis, Juliana Schietti, Priscila Souza, Nikée Groot, Eric Arets, Victor Chama Moscoso, Wendeson Castro, Euridice N Honorio Coronado, Marielos Peña-Claros, Clement Stahl, Jorcely Barroso, Joey Talbot, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Geertje van der Heijden, Raquel Thomas, Vincent A Vos, Everton C Almeida, Esteban Álvarez Davila, Luiz E O C Aragão, Terry L Erwin, Paulo S Morandi, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Marco B X Valadão, Roderick J Zagt, Peter van der Hout, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, John J Pipoly, Ophelia Wang, Miguel Alexiades, Carlos E Cerón, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Anthony Di Fiore, Julie Peacock, Nadir C Pallqui Camacho, Ricardo K Umetsu, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Robyn J Burnham, Rafael Herrera, Carlos A Quesada, Juliana Stropp, Simone A Vieira, Marc Steininger, Carlos Reynel Rodríguez, Zorayda Restrepo, Adriane Esquivel Muelbert, Simon L Lewis, Georgia C Pickavance, Oliver L Phillips

Affiliations

  1. School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
  2. 1] Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Prolongacion Bolognesi Mz.e, Lote 6, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru [2] Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de la Cultura No 733, Exeter Cusco, 733, Peru.
  3. Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK.
  4. Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK.
  5. 1] Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute for Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht 80125, 3508 TC, The Netherlands.
  6. 1] Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA [2] Center for Tropical Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90381, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
  7. 1] INRA, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', Kourou Cedex 97387, France [2] International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami FL 33199, USA.
  8. CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Kourou Cedex 97387, France.
  9. CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Kourou Cedex 97387, France.
  10. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais, Manaus, CEP 69080-971 AM, Brazil.
  11. Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia.
  12. Université Paul Sabatier CNRS, UMR 5174 Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Bâtiment 4R1, Toulouse 31062, France.
  13. UAG, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Kourou Cedex 97387, France.
  14. Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de la Cultura No 733, Exeter Cusco, 733, Peru.
  15. Center for Tropical Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90381, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
  16. Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland.
  17. Museu Universitário, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco 69910-900, Brazil.
  18. UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Mesa de Cavacas, Estado Portuguesa 3350, Venezuela.
  19. Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Casilla 2489, Av. Irala 565, Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
  20. INRA, UMR EEF, Champenoux 54280, France.
  21. Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Mérida, Venezuela.
  22. Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental, Paso lateral km 2 1/2 via Napo, Puyo, Ecuador.
  23. Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, CEP 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil.
  24. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, C.P. 399, CEP 66040-170, Belém, Brazil.
  25. Northeast Region Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane, Fredericksburg, Virginia 22405, USA.
  26. 1] Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, CP 6204, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia [2] Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.
  27. Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, CP 6204, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.
  28. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado 7945, Bogotá, Colombia.
  29. 1] Alterra, Wageningen University, and Research Centre, PO Box 47, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands [2] Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, Velp, PO Box 9001, 6880 GB, The Netherlands.
  30. World Wildlife Fund, 1250 24th Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
  31. Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands.
  32. 1] Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute for Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht 80125, 3508 TC, The Netherlands [2] Alterra, Wageningen University, and Research Centre, PO Box 47, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands.
  33. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, CEP 69080-971, Brazil.
  34. Alterra, Wageningen University, and Research Centre, PO Box 47, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands.
  35. Programa de Pós-Graduação Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco AC 69910-900, Brazil.
  36. Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Apartado 784, Iquitos, Peru.
  37. 1] Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, CP 6204, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia [2] Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands.
  38. 1] CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Kourou Cedex 97387, France [2] INRA, UR 874, Research Unit on permanent grasslands, Clermont Ferrand 63100, France.
  39. Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus de Cruzeiro do Sul, CEP 69920-900, Rio Branco, Brazil.
  40. 1] University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA [2] Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama.
  41. Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, 77 High Street Kingston, Georgetown, Guyana.
  42. 1] Universidad Autónama del Beni, Campus Universitario, Av. Ejército Nacional, Riberalta, Bolivia [2] Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado - Norte Amazanico, C/Nicanor Gonzalo Salvatierra Nu 362, Casilla 16, Riberalta, Bolivia.
  43. Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA CEP: 68.035-110, Brazil.
  44. Servicios Ecosistémicos y Cambio Climático, Jardín Botánico de Medellín, Calle 73 N 51D - 14, Medellín, Colombia.
  45. 1] Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK [2] National Institute for Space Research, Avenida dos Astronautas, 1.758-Jd. Granja, São José dos Campos, SP CEP 12227-010, Brazil.
  46. Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC 187, Washington, District of Columbia 20013-7012, USA.
  47. Tropenbos International, PO Box 232, Wageningen 6700 AE, The Netherlands.
  48. Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, Jan Trooststraat 6, Rotterdam 3078 HP, The Netherlands.
  49. UF-IFAS/Broward Co Extension Education, 3900 SW 100th Avenue, Davie, Florida, USA.
  50. School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff AZ 86011, USA.
  51. School of Anthropology and Conservation, Marlowe Building, University of Kent, Canterbury CT1 3EH, UK.
  52. Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Ciudadela Universitaria, Av. América, Quito, Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
  53. Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
  54. Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, CEP 05508-070, SP, Brazil.
  55. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, MI 48109, Ann Arbor, USA.
  56. 1] Centro de Ecologia, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Carretera Panamericana, Km 11, Altos de Pipe, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela [2] ReforeST Group, DIHMA, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia 46022 Spain.
  57. European Commission-DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via Enrico Fermi 274, Ispra 21010, Italy.
  58. Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970, Brazil.
  59. Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, Virginia 22202, USA.
  60. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru.
  61. 1] School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK [2] Department of Geography, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

PMID: 25919449 PMCID: PMC4423203 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7857

Abstract

While Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, the abundance of trees is skewed strongly towards relatively few 'hyperdominant' species. In addition to their diversity, Amazonian trees are a key component of the global carbon cycle, assimilating and storing more carbon than any other ecosystem on Earth. Here we ask, using a unique data set of 530 forest plots, if the functions of storing and producing woody carbon are concentrated in a small number of tree species, whether the most abundant species also dominate carbon cycling, and whether dominant species are characterized by specific functional traits. We find that dominance of forest function is even more concentrated in a few species than is dominance of tree abundance, with only ≈1% of Amazon tree species responsible for 50% of carbon storage and productivity. Although those species that contribute most to biomass and productivity are often abundant, species maximum size is also influential, while the identity and ranking of dominant species varies by function and by region.

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