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Evol Bioinform Online. 2015 Aug 05;11:47-55. doi: 10.4137/EBO.S22067. eCollection 2015.

Genome-wide Identification of WRKY Genes in the Desert Poplar Populus euphratica and Adaptive Evolution of the Genes in Response to Salt Stress.

Evolutionary bioinformatics online

Jianchao Ma, Jing Lu, Jianmei Xu, Bingbing Duan, Xiaodong He, Jianquan Liu

Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.

PMID: 26309388 PMCID: PMC4527364 DOI: 10.4137/EBO.S22067

Abstract

WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to various stresses in plants. However, little is known about the evolution of the WRKY genes in the desert poplar species Populus euphratica, which is highly tolerant of salt stress. In this study, we identified 107 PeWRKY genes from the P. euphratica genome and examined their evolutionary relationships with the WRKY genes of the salt-sensitive congener Populus trichocarpa. Ten PeWRKY genes are specific to P. euphratica, and five of these showed altered expression under salt stress. Furthermore, we found that two pairs of orthologs between the two species showed evidence of positive evolution, with dN/dS ratios>1 (nonsynonymous/synonymous substitutions), and both of them altered their expression in response to salinity stress. These findings suggested that both the development of new genes and positive evolution in some orthologs of the WRKY gene family may have played an important role in the acquisition of high salt tolerance by P. euphratica.

Keywords: Populus euphratica; WRKY genes; adaptive evolution; expansion

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