J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015;78(23):1450-60. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1094431.

Photoinitiator-Initiated Estrogenic Activity in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7.

Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A

Miwa Morizane, Yoichi Kawasaki, Taro Miura, Kenta Yagi, Satoru Esumi, Yoshihisa Kitamura, Toshiaki Sendo

PMID: 26692070 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1094431

Abstract

A recent in vitro study reported that the photoinitiator 2-isopropylthioxanthone (2-ITX) is an endocrine-disrupting compound (EDC). However, it is not clear whether other photoinitiators such as 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK) and 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone (MTMP) produce endocrine-disrupting effects. The purpose of this study was thus to assess the association between estrogenic activity and exposure to photoinitiators. For estimation of the proliferative effect of the photoinitiators, the E-screen assay was used. Six photoinitiators, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (2,2-DMPAP), 2-ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (2-EHDAB), 1-HCHPK, 2-ITX, methyl-2-benzoylbenzoate (MBB), and MTMP, significantly increased number of MCF-7 cells, an estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer cell line. In addition, pretreatment with estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists such as clomiphene, tamoxifen, or fulvestrant, significantly reversed the proliferative effect of each photoinitiator. Data demonstrated that the six photoinitiators produced endocrine-disrupting effects and that these photoinitiators interacted with ER as agonists. Evidence indicates that the six photoinitiators demonstrated estrogenic activity via ER as agonists.

Substances

• Endocrine Disruptors

MeSH terms

• Endocrine Disruptors / toxicity
• Female
• Humans
• MCF-7 Cells

Publication Types

• Journal Article
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't