Display options
Cite
Potter BK, Forsberg JA, Conway S, et al. Pitfalls, Errors, and Unintended Consequences in Musculoskeletal Oncology: How They Occur and How They Can Be Avoided. JBJS Rev. 2013;1(1)doi: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.M.00028.
Potter, B. K., Forsberg, J. A., Conway, S., Morris, C. D., & Temple, H. T. (2013). Pitfalls, Errors, and Unintended Consequences in Musculoskeletal Oncology: How They Occur and How They Can Be Avoided. JBJS reviews, 1(1), . https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.M.00028
Potter, Benjamin K, et al. "Pitfalls, Errors, and Unintended Consequences in Musculoskeletal Oncology: How They Occur and How They Can Be Avoided." JBJS reviews vol. 1,1 (2013). doi: https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.M.00028
Potter BK, Forsberg JA, Conway S, Morris CD, Temple HT. Pitfalls, Errors, and Unintended Consequences in Musculoskeletal Oncology: How They Occur and How They Can Be Avoided. JBJS Rev. 2013 Nov 19;1(1). doi: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.M.00028. PMID: 27490398.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

JBJS Rev. 2013 Nov 19;1(1). doi: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.M.00028.

Pitfalls, Errors, and Unintended Consequences in Musculoskeletal Oncology: How They Occur and How They Can Be Avoided.

JBJS reviews

Benjamin K Potter, Jonathan A Forsberg, Sheila Conway, Carol D Morris, H Thomas Temple

Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, America Building, 2nd Floor - Ortho, Bethesda, MD 20889.
  2. Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1400 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136.
  3. Orthopaedic Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065.

PMID: 27490398 DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.M.00028

[No abstract available.]

References

  1. Cormier JN, Pollock RE. Soft tissue sarcomas. CA Cancer J Clin. 2004 Mar-Apr;54(2):94-109.15061599 - PubMed
  2. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007 Jan-Feb;57(1):43-66.17237035 - PubMed
  3. Kransdorf MJ. Malignant soft-tissue tumors in a large referral population: distribution of diagnoses by age, sex, and location. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995 Jan;164(1):129-34.7998525 - PubMed
  4. Clasby R, Tilling K, Smith MA, Fletcher CD. Variable management of soft tissue sarcoma: regional audit with implications for specialist care. Br J Surg. 1997 Dec;84(12):1692-6.9448617 - PubMed
  5. Gustafson P, Dreinhöfer KE, Rydholm A. Soft tissue sarcoma should be treated at a tumor center. A comparison of quality of surgery in 375 patients. Acta Orthop Scand. 1994 Feb;65(1):47-50.8154283 - PubMed
  6. Mankin HJ, Lange TA, Spanier SS. The hazards of biopsy in patients with malignant primary bone and soft-tissue tumors. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1982 Oct;64(8):1121-7.7130225 - PubMed
  7. Mankin HJ, Mankin CJ, Simon MA; Members of the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society. The hazards of the biopsy, revisited. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996 May;78(5):656-63.8642021 - PubMed
  8. Frassica FJ, Papp D, McCarthy E, Weber K. Analysis of the pathology section of the OITE will aid in trainee preparation. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008 Jun;466(6):1323-8. Epub 2008 Apr 19.18425562 - PubMed
  9. Chandrasekar CR, Wafa H, Grimer RJ, Carter SR, Tillman RM, Abudu A. The effect of an unplanned excision of a soft-tissue sarcoma on prognosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2008 Feb;90(2):203-8.18256089 - PubMed
  10. Davis AM, Kandel RA, Wunder JS, Unger R, Meer J, O’Sullivan B, Catton CN, Bell RS. The impact of residual disease on local recurrence in patients treated by initial unplanned resection for soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity. J Surg Oncol. 1997 Oct;66(2):81-7.9354161 - PubMed
  11. Fiore M, Casali PG, Miceli R, Mariani L, Bertulli R, Lozza L, Collini P, Olmi P, Mussi C, Gronchi A. Prognostic effect of re-excision in adult soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity. Ann Surg Oncol. 2006 Jan;13(1):110-7. Epub 2006 Jan 01.16372156 - PubMed
  12. Giuliano AE, Eilber FR. The rationale for planned reoperation after unplanned total excision of soft-tissue sarcomas. J Clin Oncol. 1985 Oct;3(10):1344-8.4045526 - PubMed
  13. Goodlad JR, Fletcher CD, Smith MA. Surgical resection of primary soft-tissue sarcoma. Incidence of residual tumour in 95 patients needing re-excision after local resection. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996 Jul;78(4):658-61.8682838 - PubMed
  14. Hoeber I, Spillane AJ, Fisher C, Thomas JM. Accuracy of biopsy techniques for limb and limb girdle soft tissue tumors. Ann Surg Oncol. 2001 Jan-Feb;8(1):80-7.11206230 - PubMed
  15. Karakousis CP, Proimakis C, Walsh DL. Primary soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities in adults. Br J Surg. 1995 Sep;82(9):1208-12.7551998 - PubMed
  16. Lewis JJ, Leung D, Espat J, Woodruff JM, Brennan MF. Effect of reresection in extremity soft tissue sarcoma. Ann Surg. 2000 May;231(5):655-63.10767786 - PubMed
  17. Manoso MW, Frassica DA, Deune EG, Frassica FJ. Outcomes of re-excision after unplanned excisions of soft-tissue sarcomas. J Surg Oncol. 2005 Sep 1;91(3):153-8.16118773 - PubMed
  18. Noria S, Davis A, Kandel R, Levesque J, O’Sullivan B, Wunder J, Bell R. Residual disease following unplanned excision of soft-tissue sarcoma of an extremity. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996 May;78(5):650-5.8642020 - PubMed
  19. Peabody TD, Monson D, Montag A, Schell MJ, Finn H, Simon MA. A comparison of the prognoses for deep and subcutaneous sarcomas of the extremities. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1994 Aug;76(8):1167-73.8056797 - PubMed
  20. Potter BK, Adams SC, Pitcher JDJ Jr, Temple HT. Local recurrence of disease after unplanned excisions of high-grade soft tissue sarcomas. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008 Dec;466(12):3093-100. Epub 2008 Sep 26.18818981 - PubMed
  21. Rougraff BT, Davis K, Cudahy T. The impact of previous surgical manipulation of subcutaneous sarcoma on oncologic outcome. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Sep;438(438):85-91.16131874 - PubMed
  22. Stalley PD, Tattersall MHN. Bone and soft tissue sarcoma–diagnosis, current management and the future. Cancer Forum. 2010 Nov;34(3). - PubMed
  23. Thacker MM, Potter BK, Pitcher JD, Temple HT. Soft tissue sarcomas of the foot and ankle: impact of unplanned excision, limb salvage, and multimodality therapy. Foot Ankle Int. 2008 Jul;29(7):690-8.18785419 - PubMed
  24. Levy JC, Temple HT, Mollabashy A, Sanders J, Kransdorf M. The causes of pain in benign solitary enchondromas of the proximal humerus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Feb;(431):181-6.15685073 - PubMed
  25. Papp DF, Khanna AJ, McCarthy EF, Carrino JA, Farber AJ, Frassica FJ. Magnetic resonance imaging of soft-tissue tumors: determinate and indeterminate lesions. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Oct;89(Suppl 3):103-15.17908876 - PubMed
  26. Van Dyck P, Vanhoenacker FM, Vogel J, Venstermans C, Kroon HM, Gielen J, Parizel PM, Bloem JL, De Schepper AM. Prevalence, extension and characteristics of fluid-fluid levels in bone and soft tissue tumors. Eur Radiol. 2006 Dec;16(12):2644-51. Epub 2006 Apr 13.16612549 - PubMed
  27. Ward WGS Sr, Rougraff B, Quinn R, Damron T, O’Connor MI, Turcotte RE, Cline M. Tumors masquerading as hematomas. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007 Dec;465(465):232-40.17828027 - PubMed
  28. Durbin M, Randall RL, James M, Sudilovsky D, Zoger S. Ewing’s sarcoma masquerading as osteomyelitis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1998 Dec;(357):176-85.9917715 - PubMed
  29. Abudu A, Sferopoulos NK, Tillman RM, Carter SR, Grimer RJ. The surgical treatment and outcome of pathological fractures in localised osteosarcoma. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996 Sep;78(5):694-8.8836051 - PubMed
  30. Bacci G, Ferrari S, Longhi A, Donati D, Manfrini M, Giacomini S, Briccoli A, Forni C, Galletti S. Nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity with pathologic fracture at presentation: local and systemic control by amputation or limb salvage after preoperative chemotherapy. Acta Orthop Scand. 2003 Aug;74(4):449-54.14521297 - PubMed
  31. Bramer JA, Abudu AA, Grimer RJ, Carter SR, Tillman RM. Do pathological fractures influence survival and local recurrence rate in bony sarcomas? Eur J Cancer. 2007 Sep;43(13):1944-51. Epub 2007 Aug 14.17698347 - PubMed
  32. Ebeid W, Amin S, Abdelmegid A. Limb salvage management of pathologic fractures of primary malignant bone tumors. Cancer Control. 2005 Jan-Feb;12(1):57-61.15668653 - PubMed
  33. Scully SP, Ghert MA, Zurakowski D, Thompson RC, Gebhardt MC. Pathologic fracture in osteosarcoma : prognostic importance and treatment implications. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002 Jan;84-A(1):49-57.11792779 - PubMed
  34. Robbennolt JK. Apologies and medical error. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Feb;467(2):376-82. Epub 2008 Oct 30.18972177 - PubMed
  35. Chui CH, Spunt SL, Liu T, Pappo AS, Davidoff AM, Rao BN, Shochat SJ. Is reexcision in pediatric nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma necessary after an initial unplanned resection? J Pediatr Surg. 2002 Oct;37(10):1424-9.12378447 - PubMed
  36. Zagars GK, Ballo MT, Pisters PW, Pollock RE, Patel SR, Benjamin RS. Surgical margins and reresection in the management of patients with soft tissue sarcoma using conservative surgery and radiation therapy. Cancer. 2003 May 15;97(10):2544-53.12733154 - PubMed
  37. Zornig C, Peiper M, Schröder S. Re-excision of soft tissue sarcoma after inadequate initial operation. Br J Surg. 1995 Feb;82(2):278-9.7749711 - PubMed
  38. Qureshi YA, Huddy JR, Miller JD, Strauss DC, Thomas JM, Hayes AJ. Unplanned excision of soft tissue sarcoma results in increased rates of local recurrence despite full further oncological treatment. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012 Mar;19(3):871-7. Epub 2011 Jul 27.21792512 - PubMed
  39. Collin C, Godbold J, Hajdu S, Brennan M. Localized extremity soft tissue sarcoma: an analysis of factors affecting survival. J Clin Oncol. 1987 Apr;5(4):601-12.3559651 - PubMed
  40. Eilber FC, Rosen G, Nelson SD, Selch M, Dorey F, Eckardt J, Eilber FR. High-grade extremity soft tissue sarcomas: factors predictive of local recurrence and its effect on morbidity and mortality. Ann Surg. 2003 Feb;237(2):218-26.12560780 - PubMed
  41. Gronchi A, Miceli R, Fiore M, Collini P, Lozza L, Grosso F, Mariani L, Casali PG. Extremity soft tissue sarcoma: adding to the prognostic meaning of local failure. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007 May;14(5):1583-90. Epub 2007 Jan 28.17260106 - PubMed
  42. Lewis JJ, Leung D, Heslin M, Woodruff JM, Brennan MF. Association of local recurrence with subsequent survival in extremity soft tissue sarcoma. J Clin Oncol. 1997 Feb;15(2):646-52.9053489 - PubMed
  43. Arai E, Nishida Y, Tsukushi S, Wasa J, Ishiguro N. Clinical and treatment outcomes of planned and unplanned excisions of soft tissue sarcomas. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Nov;468(11):3028-34.20496020 - PubMed
  44. Brennan MF, Casper ES, Harrison LB, Shiu MH, Gaynor J, Hajdu SI. The role of multimodality therapy in soft-tissue sarcoma. Ann Surg. 1991 Sep;214(3):328-36, discussion :336-8.1929613 - PubMed
  45. Pisters PW, Harrison LB, Leung DH, Woodruff JM, Casper ES, Brennan MF. Long-term results of a prospective randomized trial of adjuvant brachytherapy in soft tissue sarcoma. J Clin Oncol. 1996 Mar;14(3):859-68.8622034 - PubMed
  46. Rosenberg SA, Tepper J, Glatstein E, Costa J, Baker A, Brennan M, DeMoss EV, Seipp C, Sindelar WF, Sugarbaker P, Wesley R. The treatment of soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities: prospective randomized evaluations of (1) limb-sparing surgery plus radiation therapy compared with amputation and (2) the role of adjuvant chemotherapy. Ann Surg. 1982 Sep;196(3):305-15.7114936 - PubMed
  47. Yang JC, Chang AE, Baker AR, Sindelar WF, Danforth DN, Topalian SL, DeLaney T, Glatstein E, Steinberg SM, Merino MJ, Rosenberg SA. Randomized prospective study of the benefit of adjuvant radiation therapy in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity. J Clin Oncol. 1998 Jan;16(1):197-203.9440743 - PubMed
  48. Alamanda VK, Crosby SN, Archer KR, Song Y, Schwartz HS, Holt GE. Primary excision compared with re-excision of extremity soft tissue sarcomas—is anything new? J Surg Oncol. 2012 Jun 1;105(7):662-7. Epub 2011 Dec 27.22213171 - PubMed
  49. Rydholm A, Berg NO. Size, site and clinical incidence of lipoma. Factors in the differential diagnosis of lipoma and sarcoma. Acta Orthop Scand. 1983 Dec;54(6):929-34.6670522 - PubMed
  50. Rydholm A, Gustafson P, Rööser B, Willén H, Berg NO. Subcutaneous sarcoma. A population-based study of 129 patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1991 Jul;73(4):662-7.2071656 - PubMed
  51. Ng VY, Thomas K, Crist M, Wakely PE Jr, Mayerson J. Fine needle aspiration for clinical triage of extremity soft tissue masses. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Apr;468(4):1120-8. Epub 2009 Sep 16.19763717 - PubMed
  52. Rougraff BT, Aboulafia A, Biermann JS, Healey J. Biopsy of soft tissue masses: evidence-based medicine for the musculoskeletal tumor society. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Nov;467(11):2783-91. Epub 2009 Jul 14.19597901 - PubMed
  53. Skrzynski MC, Biermann JS, Montag A, Simon MA. Diagnostic accuracy and charge-savings of outpatient core needle biopsy compared with open biopsy of musculoskeletal tumors. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996 May;78(5):644-9.8642019 - PubMed
  54. Yang YJ, Damron TA. Comparison of needle core biopsy and fine-needle aspiration for diagnostic accuracy in musculoskeletal lesions. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2004 Jul;128(7):759-64.15214827 - PubMed
  55. Adams SC, Potter BK, Pitcher DJ, Temple HT. Office-based core needle biopsy of bone and soft tissue malignancies: an accurate alternative to open biopsy with infrequent complications. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Oct;468(10):2774-80. Epub 2010 Jun 26.20582496 - PubMed
  56. Mitsuyoshi G, Naito N, Kawai A, Kunisada T, Yoshida A, Yanai H, Dendo S, Yoshino T, Kanazawa S, Ozaki T. Accurate diagnosis of musculoskeletal lesions by core needle biopsy. J Surg Oncol. 2006 Jul 1;94(1):21-7.16788939 - PubMed
  57. Damron TA, Beauchamp CP, Rougraff BT, Ward WGS Sr. Soft-tissue lumps and bumps. Instr Course Lect. 2004;53:625-37.15116652 - PubMed
  58. Manoso MW, Pratt J, Healey JH, Boland PJ, Athanasian EA. Infiltrative MRI pattern and incomplete initial surgery compromise local control of myxofibrosarcoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Sep;450(450):89-94.16801862 - PubMed
  59. Athanasian EA. Biopsy of musculoskeletal tumors. In: Damron TA, Tornetta P, Einhorn TA, editors. Oncology and basic science. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007. p 37-47. - PubMed
  60. Bach PB, Cramer LD, Schrag D, Downey RJ, Gelfand SE, Begg CB. The influence of hospital volume on survival after resection for lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2001 Jul 19;345(3):181-8.11463014 - PubMed
  61. Begg CB, Cramer LD, Hoskins WJ, Brennan MF. Impact of hospital volume on operative mortality for major cancer surgery. JAMA. 1998 Nov 25;280(20):1747-51.9842949 - PubMed
  62. Birkmeyer JD, Sun Y, Wong SL, Stukel TA. Hospital volume and late survival after cancer surgery. Ann Surg. 2007 May;245(5):777-83.17457171 - PubMed
  63. Cheung MC, Koniaris LG, Perez EA, Molina MA, Goodwin WJ, Salloum RM. Impact of hospital volume on surgical outcome for head and neck cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009 Apr;16(4):1001-9. Epub 2008 Nov 04.18982393 - PubMed
  64. Dasgupta R, Kim PC. Relationship between surgical volume and clinical outcome: should pediatric surgeons be doing pancreaticoduodenectomies? J Pediatr Surg. 2005 May;40(5):793-6.15937816 - PubMed
  65. Gutierrez JC, Perez EA, Moffat FL, Livingstone AS, Franceschi D, Koniaris LG. Should soft tissue sarcomas be treated at high-volume centers? An analysis of 4205 patients. Ann Surg. 2007 Jun;245(6):952-8.17522521 - PubMed
  66. Hannan EL, Radzyner M, Rubin D, Dougherty J, Brennan MF. The influence of hospital and surgeon volume on in-hospital mortality for colectomy, gastrectomy, and lung lobectomy in patients with cancer. Surgery. 2002 Jan;131(1):6-15.11812957 - PubMed
  67. Luft HS. The relation between surgical volume and mortality: an exploration of causal factors and alternative models. Med Care. 1980 Sep;18(9):940-59.7432019 - PubMed
  68. Wedin R, Bauer HC, Rutqvist LE. Surgical treatment for skeletal breast cancer metastases: a population-based study of 641 patients. Cancer. 2001 Jul 15;92(2):257-62.11466677 - PubMed
  69. Anderson MW, Temple HT, Dussault RG, Kaplan PA. Compartmental anatomy: relevance to staging and biopsy of musculoskeletal tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999 Dec;173(6):1663-71.10584817 - PubMed
  70. Lodwick GS, Wilson AJ, Farrell C, Virtama P, Dittrich F. Determining growth rates of focal lesions of bone from radiographs. Radiology. 1980 Mar;134(3):577-83.6928321 - PubMed
  71. Aaron AD. Treatment of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pelvis and the extremities. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997 Jun;79(6):917-32.9199392 - PubMed
  72. Clayer M, Duncan W. Importance of biopsy of new bone lesions in patients with previous carcinoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Oct;451(451):208-11.16801861 - PubMed
  73. Osteen RT, Kopf G, Wilson RE. In pursuit of the unknown primary. Am J Surg. 1978 Apr;135(4):494-7.637194 - PubMed
  74. Rougraff BT, Kneisl JS, Simon MA. Skeletal metastases of unknown origin. A prospective study of a diagnostic strategy. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993 Sep;75(9):1276-81.8408149 - PubMed
  75. Simon MA, Bartucci EJ. The search for the primary tumor in patients with skeletal metastases of unknown origin. Cancer. 1986 Sep 1;58(5):1088-95.3015375 - PubMed
  76. Adams SC, Potter BK, Mahmood Z, Pitcher JD, Temple HT. Consequences and prevention of inadvertent internal fixation of primary osseous sarcomas. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Feb;467(2):519-25. Epub 2008 Oct 21.18937020 - PubMed
  77. Peabody T. The rodded metastasis is a sarcoma: strategies to prevent inadvertent surgical procedures on primary bone malignancies. Instr Course Lect. 2004;53:657-61.15116656 - PubMed
  78. Spence GM, Dunning MT, Cannon SR, Briggs TW. The hazard of retrograde nailing in pathological fractures. Three cases involving primary musculoskeletal malignancy. Injury. 2002 Jul;33(6):533-8.12098554 - PubMed
  79. Chandrasekar CR, Grimer RJ, Carter SR, Tillman RM, Abudu AT, Jeys LM. Outcome of pathologic fractures of the proximal femur in nonosteogenic primary bone sarcoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2011 Jun;37(6):532-6. Epub 2011 Mar 04.21377313 - PubMed
  80. Kallos T, Enis JE, Gollan F, Davis JH. Intramedullary pressure and pulmonary embolism of femoral medullary contents in dogs during insertion of bone cement and a prosthesis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1974 Oct;56(7):1363-7.4433359 - PubMed
  81. Wozasek GE, Simon P, Redl H, Schlag G. Intramedullary pressure changes and fat intravasation during intramedullary nailing: an experimental study in sheep. J Trauma. 1994 Feb;36(2):202-7.8114137 - PubMed
  82. Bickels J, Meller I, Henshaw RM, Malawer MM. Reconstruction of hip stability after proximal and total femur resections. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2000 Jun;(375):218-30.10853173 - PubMed
  83. Gainor BJ, Buchert P. Fracture healing in metastatic bone disease. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983 Sep;(178):297-302.6883864 - PubMed
  84. Habermann ET, Sachs R, Stern RE, Hirsh DM, Anderson WJJ Jr. The pathology and treatment of metastatic disease of the femur. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Sep;(169):70-82.6179683 - PubMed
  85. Marsden FW, Hale DG, Sullivan JA, Findlay MPM. Treatment of metastatic disease involving the proximal femur and hip joint. In: Langlais F, Tomeno B, editors. Limb salvage. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1991. p 689-96. - PubMed
  86. Rompe JD, Eysel P, Hopf C, Heine J. Metastatic instability at the proximal end of the femur. Comparison of endoprosthetic replacement and plate osteosynthesis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1994;113(5):260-4.7524580 - PubMed
  87. Wedin R, Bauer HC, Wersäll P. Failures after operation for skeletal metastatic lesions of long bones. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999 Jan;(358):128-39.9973984 - PubMed
  88. Wedin R, Bauer HCF. Surgical treatment of skeletal metastatic lesions of the proximal femur: endoprosthesis or reconstruction nail? J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005 Dec;87(12):1653-7.16326880 - PubMed
  89. Yazawa Y, Frassica FJ, Chao EY, Pritchard DJ, Sim FH, Shives TC. Metastatic bone disease. A study of the surgical treatment of 166 pathologic humeral and femoral fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1990 Feb;(251):213-9.2295178 - PubMed
  90. Wedin R. Surgical treatment for pathologic fracture. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl. 2001 Jun;72(302):2p: 1-29.11582636 - PubMed
  91. Yasko AW, Rutledge J, Lewis VO, Lin PP. Disease- and recurrence-free survival after surgical resection of solitary bone metastases of the pelvis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007 Jun;459(459):128-32.17452920 - PubMed
  92. Baloch KG, Grimer RJ, Carter SR, Tillman RM. Radical surgery for the solitary bony metastasis from renal-cell carcinoma. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2000 Jan;82(1):62-7.10697316 - PubMed
  93. Les KA, Nicholas RW, Rougraff B, Wurtz D, Vogelzang NJ, Simon MA, Peabody TD. Local progression after operative treatment of metastatic kidney cancer. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2001 Sep;(390):206-11.11550867 - PubMed
  94. Swanson DA, Orovan WL, Johnson DE, Giacco G. Osseous metastases secondary to renal cell carcinoma. Urology. 1981 Dec;18(6):556-61.7314355 - PubMed
  95. Damron TA, Sim FH. Operative treatment for metastatic disease of the pelvis and proximal end of the femur. an instructional course lecture. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000 Jan;82(1):114-26. - PubMed
  96. Forsberg JA, Wedin R, Bauer H. Which implant is best after failed treatment for pathologic femur fractures? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013 Mar;471(3):735-40.22948531 - PubMed
  97. Harvey N, Ahlmann ER, Allison DC, Wang L, Menendez LR. Endoprostheses last longer than intramedullary devices in proximal femur metastases. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Mar;470(3):684-91.21879409 - PubMed
  98. Steensma M, Boland PJ, Morris CD, Athanasian E, Healey JH. Endoprosthetic treatment is more durable for pathologic proximal femur fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Mar;470(3):920-6. Epub 2011 Aug 31.21879407 - PubMed
  99. Behr JT, Dobozi WR, Badrinath K. The treatment of pathologic and impending pathologic fractures of the proximal femur in the elderly. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1985 Sep;(198):173-8.2411457 - PubMed
  100. Lynch AC, Sullivan CR, Dahlin DC. Pathologic fractures of femur treated at mayo clinic (1950-1959). Clinicopathologic study. Arch Surg. 1965 Jan;90:127-32.14220628 - PubMed
  101. Talbot M, Turcotte RE, Isler M, Normandin D, Iannuzzi D, Downer P. Function and health status in surgically treated bone metastases. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Sep;438(438):215-20.16131894 - PubMed
  102. Glare P, Virik K, Jones M, Hudson M, Eychmuller S, Simes J, Christakis N. A systematic review of physicians’ survival predictions in terminally ill cancer patients. BMJ. 2003 Jul 26;327(7408):195-8.12881260 - PubMed

Publication Types