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Lumley SF, McNaughton AL, Klenerman P, et al. Hepatitis B Virus Adaptation to the CD8+ T Cell Response: Consequences for Host and Pathogen. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1561doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01561.
Lumley, S. F., McNaughton, A. L., Klenerman, P., Lythgoe, K. A., & Matthews, P. C. (2018). Hepatitis B Virus Adaptation to the CD8+ T Cell Response: Consequences for Host and Pathogen. Frontiers in immunology, 91561. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01561
Lumley, Sheila F, et al. "Hepatitis B Virus Adaptation to the CD8+ T Cell Response: Consequences for Host and Pathogen." Frontiers in immunology vol. 9 (2018): 1561. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01561
Lumley SF, McNaughton AL, Klenerman P, Lythgoe KA, Matthews PC. Hepatitis B Virus Adaptation to the CD8+ T Cell Response: Consequences for Host and Pathogen. Front Immunol. 2018 Jul 16;9:1561. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01561. eCollection 2018. PMID: 30061882; PMCID: PMC6054973.
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Front Immunol. 2018 Jul 16;9:1561. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01561. eCollection 2018.

Hepatitis B Virus Adaptation to the CD8+ T Cell Response: Consequences for Host and Pathogen.

Frontiers in immunology

Sheila F Lumley, Anna L McNaughton, Paul Klenerman, Katrina A Lythgoe, Philippa C Matthews

Affiliations

  1. Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  2. Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  3. Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  4. Nuffield Department of Medicine, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

PMID: 30061882 PMCID: PMC6054973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01561

Abstract

Chronic viral hepatitis infections are a major public health concern, with an estimated 290 million individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) globally. This virus has been a passenger in human populations for >30,000 years, and remains highly prevalent in some settings. In order for this endemic pathogen to persist, viral adaptation to host immune responses is pre-requisite. Here, we focus on the interplay between HBV infection and the CD8+ T cell response. We present the evidence that CD8+ T cells play an important role in control of chronic HBV infection and that the selective pressure imposed on HBV through evasion of these immune responses can potentially influence viral diversity, chronicity, and the outcome of infection, and highlight where there are gaps in current knowledge. Understanding the nature and mechanisms of HBV evolution and persistence could shed light on differential disease outcomes, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and help reach the goal of global HBV elimination by guiding the design of new strategies, including vaccines and therapeutics.

Keywords: CD8+ T cells; adaptation; adaptive immunity; diversity; evolution; hepatitis B virus; human leukocyte antigen

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