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Riggins JJ, Hughes M, Smith JA, et al. First Occurrence of Laurel Wilt Disease Caused by Raffaelea lauricola on Redbay Trees in Mississippi. Plant Dis. 2010;94(5):634doi: 10.1094/PDIS-94-5-0634C.
Riggins, J. J., Hughes, M., Smith, J. A., Mayfield, A. E., Layton, B., Balbalian, C., & Campbell, R. (2010). First Occurrence of Laurel Wilt Disease Caused by Raffaelea lauricola on Redbay Trees in Mississippi. Plant disease, 94(5), 634. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-5-0634C
Riggins, J J, et al. "First Occurrence of Laurel Wilt Disease Caused by Raffaelea lauricola on Redbay Trees in Mississippi." Plant disease vol. 94,5 (2010): 634. doi: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-5-0634C
Riggins JJ, Hughes M, Smith JA, Mayfield AE, Layton B, Balbalian C, Campbell R. First Occurrence of Laurel Wilt Disease Caused by Raffaelea lauricola on Redbay Trees in Mississippi. Plant Dis. 2010 May;94(5):634. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-94-5-0634C. PMID: 30754433.
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Plant Dis. 2010 May;94(5):634. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-94-5-0634C.

First Occurrence of Laurel Wilt Disease Caused by Raffaelea lauricola on Redbay Trees in Mississippi.

Plant disease

J J Riggins, M Hughes, J A Smith, A E Mayfield, B Layton, C Balbalian, R Campbell

Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762.
  2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
  3. School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
  4. USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC 28806.
  5. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762. Approved for publication as Article No. A-11714 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station.

PMID: 30754433 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-94-5-0634C

Abstract

Laurel wilt is a lethal, nonnative vascular wilt disease of redbay (Persea borbonia), sassafras (Sassafras albidum), and other trees in the Lauraceae (1,4). It is caused by a fungus (Raffaelea lauricola) and transmitted by the redbay ambrosia beetle (Xyleborus glabratus), a nonnative insect first detected in Georgia in 2002 (1,2). Since introduction of the pathogen and vector (presumably from Asia), laurel wilt has caused extensive mortality to redbays in Georgia, Florida, and South Carolina (1). In June 2009, a landowner in Gautier, MS reported dead redbay trees. Signs and symptoms were identical to those reported for laurel wilt along the Atlantic Coast (wilted, bronze red foliage, and dark gray-to-black vascular discoloration) (1). Infected trees have subsequently been confirmed in and near the Pascagoula River Basin. Size of infected redbays ranged from 5 to 20 cm (diameter at breast height). No heavily decomposed or fallen redbays were noted. Many individual specimens exhibited extensive drying of stem wood and dry, wilted, light brown foliage. This indicates that introduction to the area may have occurred within the last 3 years. X. glabratus adults were collected (30°26'44.45″N, 88°39'41.83″W) in a Lindgren funnel trap baited with phoebe and manuka oil lures. Beetle identification was confirmed by USDA-APHIS, and voucher specimens were submitted to the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and the Mississippi Entomological Museum. Symptomatic redbay wood chips from the same location were surface sterilized and plated on cycloheximide-streptomycin malt agar and R. lauricola was isolated. A 1,026-bp portion of 18S rDNA (GenBank No. GQ996063) was amplified by PCR and sequenced using primers NS1 and NS4. BLASTn searches revealed perfect homology to R. lauricola isolate PL 697 (GQ329704). Two isolates of R. lauricola were recovered and prepared into separate spore suspensions (1 × 10

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