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J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2019 Jul 24;18:100201. doi: 10.1016/j.jcte.2019.100201. eCollection 2019 Dec.

Assessment of serum thyroid hormone autoantibodies in the first trimester of gestation as predictors of postpartum thyroiditis.

Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology

Salvatore Benvenga, Roberto Vita, Flavia Di Bari, Carmela Lo Re, Angela Scilipoti, Grazia Giorgianni, Loredana Grasso, Marina Raffaella Galletti, Mattia Grazia Mandolfino, Maria Le Donne

Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
  2. Master Program on Childhood, Adolescent and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Italy.
  3. Interdepartmental Program on Molecular & Clinical Endocrinology, and Women's Endocrine Health, University Hospital, A.O.U. Policlinico G. Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy.
  4. Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital G. Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy.
  5. Service of Immunometry and Laboratory Diagnosis, University Hospital G. Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy.
  6. Department of Human Pathology Gaetano Barresi, University of Messina, Italy.

PMID: 31428563 PMCID: PMC6693681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2019.100201

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Measurement of serum thyroperoxidase autoantibodies (TPOAb) during gestation as a classical marker for the risk of postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) predicts PPT in 1/3 to 1/2 of women. Very few studies have measured serum thyroid hormone Ab (THAb) during gestation, and none as a possible marker for PPT.

METHODS: In 412 women who were followed up from 7 to 11 weeks of gestation through 12 months after delivery, we measured THAb (T3.IgM, T3.IgG, T4.IgM, T4.IgG), thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb) and TPOAb at study entry (7-11 week of gestation).

RESULTS: Sixty-three women (15.3%) developed PPT, which progressed to permanent hypothyroidism (PH) in 34/63 (54%). THAb+ve were 21/412 women (5.1%), the frequency being greater in those who then developed PPT (12/63 [19.0%] vs

CONCLUSIONS: Gestational positivity of THAb enhance enormously the predictivity for PPT of gestational positivity of TPOAb/TgAb. However, their low frequency (5.1%) and their sensitivity (17.5% [21/63]) go against their application in lieu of TPOAb/TgAb.

Keywords: DM-1, type 1 diabetes mellitus; FNAB, fine-needle aspiration biopsy; FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; GD, Graves’ disease; HT, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; L-T4, Levothyroxine; PH, permanent hypothyroidism; PPT, Postpartum thyroiditis; Postpartum; Postpartum thyroiditis; Pregnancy; THAb, thyroid hormone autoantibodies; TPOAb, thyroperoxidase autoantibodies; TSH, thyrotropin; Tg, thyroglobulin; TgAb, thyroglobulin autoantibodies; Thyroid autoimmunity; Thyroid hormone autoantibodies; US, ultrasound; UST, ultrasonography signs suggestive of thyroiditis

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