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Marstrand P, Theilade J, Andersson C, et al. Long QT syndrome is associated with an increased burden of diabetes, psychiatric and neurological comorbidities: a nationwide cohort study. Open Heart. 2019;6(2):e001161doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001161.
Marstrand, P., Theilade, J., Andersson, C., Bundgaard, H., Weeke, P. E., Tfelt-Hansen, J., Jespersen, C., Gislason, G., Torp-Pedersen, C., Kanters, J. K., & Jørgensen, M. E. (2019). Long QT syndrome is associated with an increased burden of diabetes, psychiatric and neurological comorbidities: a nationwide cohort study. Open heart, 6(2), e001161. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2019-001161
Marstrand, Peter, et al. "Long QT syndrome is associated with an increased burden of diabetes, psychiatric and neurological comorbidities: a nationwide cohort study." Open heart vol. 6,2 (2019): e001161. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2019-001161
Marstrand P, Theilade J, Andersson C, Bundgaard H, Weeke PE, Tfelt-Hansen J, Jespersen C, Gislason G, Torp-Pedersen C, Kanters JK, Jørgensen ME. Long QT syndrome is associated with an increased burden of diabetes, psychiatric and neurological comorbidities: a nationwide cohort study. Open Heart. 2019 Oct 28;6(2):e001161. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001161. eCollection 2019. PMID: 31749975; PMCID: PMC6827808.
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Open Heart. 2019 Oct 28;6(2):e001161. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001161. eCollection 2019.

Long QT syndrome is associated with an increased burden of diabetes, psychiatric and neurological comorbidities: a nationwide cohort study.

Open heart

Peter Marstrand, Juliane Theilade, Charlotte Andersson, Henning Bundgaard, Peter E Weeke, Jacob Tfelt-Hansen, Camilla Jespersen, Gunnar Gislason, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Jørgen K Kanters, Mads E Jørgensen

Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  2. Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  3. Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  4. Department of Health, Science and Technology, Aalborg University and Departments of Cardiology and Biostatistics/epidemiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
  5. Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

PMID: 31749975 PMCID: PMC6827808 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001161

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Studies have suggested a shared genetic aetiology between congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) and diabetes, epilepsy and mental disorders. We investigated the prevalence of metabolic, neurological and psychiatric comorbidities in LQTS patients.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was based on data from nationwide Danish registries, 2003-2017. LQTS patients were matched 1:5 with controls on sex and age.

RESULTS: We matched 463 LQTS patients with 2315 controls from the background population. Mean age was 35.7 (SD 21.0) years, and 38% were males in both groups. LQTS patients had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (6.5% vs 2.3%, p<0.001), diabetes (3.7% vs 1.8 %, p=0.011) and hearing loss (3.2% vs 1.7%, p=0.027). LQTS patients had a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders overall (13.0% vs 9.1%, p=0.01) but the difference could not be attributed to a specific psychiatric disease subgroup. LQTS patients had a higher prevalence of neurological disorders (22.0% vs 13.2%, p<0.001), largely driven by epilepsy (6.7% vs 1.6%, p<0.001). In 20/27 (74%) of the LQTS patients, the epilepsy diagnosis did not reappear in the registries after the LQTS diagnosis was established.

CONCLUSIONS: In this nationwide cohort, patients with LQTS had a significantly increased burden of diabetes, neurological and psychiatric comorbidities, compared with the background population. The higher prevalence of neurological comorbidities was largely driven by epilepsy, despite a high rate of potentially misdiagnosed patients prior to LQTS diagnosis. Our data support that LQTS may be considered a multiorgan disease and suggest that patient management should be adjusted accordingly.

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Keywords: comorbidity; diabetes; epilepsy; hearing loss; long QT syndrome

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

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