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Bain SC, Czernichow S, Bøgelund M, et al. Costs of COVID-19 pandemic associated with diabetes in Europe: a health care cost model. Curr Med Res Opin. 2020;37(1):27-36doi: 10.1080/03007995.2020.1862775.
Bain, S. C., Czernichow, S., Bøgelund, M., Madsen, M. E., Yssing, C., McMillan, A. C., Hvid, C., Hettiarachchige, N., & Panton, U. H. (2021). Costs of COVID-19 pandemic associated with diabetes in Europe: a health care cost model. Current medical research and opinion, 37(1), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2020.1862775
Bain, Stephen C, et al. "Costs of COVID-19 pandemic associated with diabetes in Europe: a health care cost model." Current medical research and opinion vol. 37,1 (2021): 27-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2020.1862775
Bain SC, Czernichow S, Bøgelund M, Madsen ME, Yssing C, McMillan AC, Hvid C, Hettiarachchige N, Panton UH. Costs of COVID-19 pandemic associated with diabetes in Europe: a health care cost model. Curr Med Res Opin. 2021 Jan;37(1):27-36. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2020.1862775. Epub 2020 Dec 24. PMID: 33306421.
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Curr Med Res Opin. 2021 Jan;37(1):27-36. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2020.1862775. Epub 2020 Dec 24.

Costs of COVID-19 pandemic associated with diabetes in Europe: a health care cost model.

Current medical research and opinion

Stephen C Bain, Sebastien Czernichow, Mette Bøgelund, Maria Elmegaard Madsen, Cecilie Yssing, Annabell Cajus McMillan, Christian Hvid, Nadilka Hettiarachchige, Ulrik Haagen Panton

Affiliations

  1. Diabetes Research Unit, Swansea University Medical School and Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK.
  2. Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
  3. Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Nutrition, Centre Spécialisé Obésité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
  4. INSERM, UMR1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Centre (CRESS), Paris, France.
  5. Incentive Denmark, Holte, Denmark.
  6. Novo Nordisk North West Europe Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.

PMID: 33306421 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2020.1862775

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes is associated with progression to severe COVID-19. The objective of this study was to estimate to what extent the increased risk among people with diabetes could impact the secondary care costs of COVID-19 throughout Europe during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic from January to June 2020.

METHODS: Applying a health care cost model based on inputs from data published in international peer-reviewed journals, identified via a rapid literature review this study aimed to estimate the total secondary sector costs of COVID-19. Estimates of unit costs were based on data from Denmark, France, Spain and the UK. We calculated average costs per patient without diabetes and according to four diabetes categories based on risk of hospitalization, admission to intensive care unit, ventilator support and length of hospital stay.

RESULTS: The estimated cost per hospital admission during the first wave of COVID-19 in Europe ranged between EUR 25,018 among people with type 2 diabetes in good glycaemic control to EUR 57,244 among people with type 1 diabetes in poor glycaemic control, reflecting higher risk of intensive care, ventilator support and longer hospital stay according to diabetes category, while the corresponding cost for people without diabetes was estimated at EUR 16,993. The total direct costs of secondary care of COVID-19 in Europe were estimated at EUR 13.9 billion. Thus, 23.5% of the total costs accounted for treating people with diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of a greater focus on prevention and adequate treatment of diabetes and the need for special attention to avoid infection with COVID-19 to the extent possible among those already diagnosed with diabetes.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; diabetes; health economics; health policy; pandemic

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