Display options
Cite
Kamper SJ. Per-Protocol, Intention-to-Treat, and Complier Average Causal Effects Analyses in Randomized Controlled Trials: Linking Evidence to Practice. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2021;51(6):314-315doi: 10.2519/jospt.2021.0701.
Kamper, S. J. (2021). Per-Protocol, Intention-to-Treat, and Complier Average Causal Effects Analyses in Randomized Controlled Trials: Linking Evidence to Practice. The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, 51(6), 314-315. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2021.0701
Kamper, Steven J. "Per-Protocol, Intention-to-Treat, and Complier Average Causal Effects Analyses in Randomized Controlled Trials: Linking Evidence to Practice." The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy vol. 51,6 (2021): 314-315. doi: https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2021.0701
Kamper SJ. Per-Protocol, Intention-to-Treat, and Complier Average Causal Effects Analyses in Randomized Controlled Trials: Linking Evidence to Practice. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2021 Jun;51(6):314-315. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2021.0701. PMID: 34058836.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2021 Jun;51(6):314-315. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2021.0701.

Per-Protocol, Intention-to-Treat, and Complier Average Causal Effects Analyses in Randomized Controlled Trials: Linking Evidence to Practice.

The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy

Steven J Kamper

PMID: 34058836 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2021.0701

Abstract

This article describes the differences between common analyses for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses are common approaches, but readers may also encounter complier average causal effects (CACE) analysis, a newer method that is gaining popularity. Because these analyses answer slightly different research questions, the aim of this article is to help readers of RCTs understand why researchers conduct these different types of analyses and how to interpret the findings.

Keywords: evidence-based practice; randomized controlled trial; research

MeSH terms

Publication Types