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Kobayashi Y, Tomoshige S, Imakado K, et al. Ciliary GPCR-based transcriptome as a key regulator of cilia length control. FASEB Bioadv. 2021;3(9):744-767doi: 10.1096/fba.2021-00029.
Kobayashi, Y., Tomoshige, S., Imakado, K., Sekino, Y., Koganezawa, N., Shirao, T., Diniz, G. B., Miyamoto, T., & Saito, Y. (2021). Ciliary GPCR-based transcriptome as a key regulator of cilia length control. FASEB bioAdvances, 3(9), 744-767. https://doi.org/10.1096/fba.2021-00029
Kobayashi, Yuki, et al. "Ciliary GPCR-based transcriptome as a key regulator of cilia length control." FASEB bioAdvances vol. 3,9 (2021): 744-767. doi: https://doi.org/10.1096/fba.2021-00029
Kobayashi Y, Tomoshige S, Imakado K, Sekino Y, Koganezawa N, Shirao T, Diniz GB, Miyamoto T, Saito Y. Ciliary GPCR-based transcriptome as a key regulator of cilia length control. FASEB Bioadv. 2021 Jul 05;3(9):744-767. doi: 10.1096/fba.2021-00029. eCollection 2021 Sep. PMID: 34485842; PMCID: PMC8409570.
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FASEB Bioadv. 2021 Jul 05;3(9):744-767. doi: 10.1096/fba.2021-00029. eCollection 2021 Sep.

Ciliary GPCR-based transcriptome as a key regulator of cilia length control.

FASEB bioAdvances

Yuki Kobayashi, Sakura Tomoshige, Kosuke Imakado, Yuko Sekino, Noriko Koganezawa, Tomoaki Shirao, Giovanne B Diniz, Tatsuo Miyamoto, Yumiko Saito

Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan.
  2. Endowed Laboratory of Human Cell-Based Drug Discovery Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan.
  3. Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Graduate School of Medicine Gunma University Maebashi Japan.
  4. AlzMed, Inc. Tokyo Japan.
  5. California National Primate Research Center University of California Davis CA USA.
  6. Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan.

PMID: 34485842 PMCID: PMC8409570 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00029

Abstract

The primary cilium is a plasma membrane-protruding sensory organelle that efficiently conveys signaling cascades in a highly ordered microenvironment. Its signaling is mediated, in part, by a limited set of GPCRs preferentially enriched in the cilium membrane. This includes melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor 1 (MCHR1), which plays a role in feeding and mood. In addition to its receptor composition, the length of the cilium is a characteristic parameter that is implicated in its function. We previously found that MCH can dynamically shorten cilia length via the Gi/o and Akt pathways in both MCHR1-expressing hTERT-RPE1 cells (hRPE1 cells) and rat hippocampal neurons. However, the detailed mechanisms by which MCH regulates cilia length through ciliary MCHR1 remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the transcriptome changes in MCHR1-expressing hRPE1 cells in response to MCH to identify the target molecules involved in cilia length regulation via MCHR1 activation. RNA sequencing analysis of ciliated cells subjected to MCH treatment showed upregulation of 424 genes and downregulation of 112 genes compared with static control cells. Validation by quantitative real-time PCR, knocking down, and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout technology identified a molecule, PDZ and LIM domain-containing protein 5 (PDLIM5). Thus, it was considered as the most significant key factor for MCHR1-mediated shortening of cilia length. Additional analyses revealed that the actin-binding protein alpha-actinin 1/4 is a crucial downstream target of the PDLIM5 signaling pathway that exerts an effect on MCHR1-induced cilia shortening. In the endogenous MCHR1-expressing hippocampus, transcriptional upregulation of PDLIM5 and actinin 1/4, following the application of MCH, was detected when the MCHR1-positive cilia were shortened. Together, our transcriptome study based on ciliary MCHR1 function uncovered a novel and important regulatory step underlying cilia length control. These results will potentially serve as a basis for understanding the mechanism underlying the development of obesity and mood disorders.

© 2021 The Authors. FASEB BioAdvances published by The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

Keywords: G protein‐coupled receptor; PDLIM5; melanin‐concentrating hormone; primary cilia; transcriptome

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations of interest: T. Shirao is CEO of AlzMed, Inc. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article for Y. Kobayashi, S. Tomoshige, K. Imakado, Y. Sekino, N. Koganezawa, T. Miyamoto,

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