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Koep JL, Taylor CE, Coombes JS, et al. Autonomic control of cerebral blood flow: fundamental comparisons between peripheral and cerebrovascular circulations in humans. J Physiol. 2021;doi: 10.1113/JP281058.
Koep, J. L., Taylor, C. E., Coombes, J. S., Bond, B., Ainslie, P. N., & Bailey, T. G. (2021). Autonomic control of cerebral blood flow: fundamental comparisons between peripheral and cerebrovascular circulations in humans. The Journal of physiology, . https://doi.org/10.1113/JP281058
Koep, Jodie L, et al. "Autonomic control of cerebral blood flow: fundamental comparisons between peripheral and cerebrovascular circulations in humans." The Journal of physiology vol. (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1113/JP281058
Koep JL, Taylor CE, Coombes JS, Bond B, Ainslie PN, Bailey TG. Autonomic control of cerebral blood flow: fundamental comparisons between peripheral and cerebrovascular circulations in humans. J Physiol. 2021 Nov 29; doi: 10.1113/JP281058. Epub 2021 Nov 29. PMID: 34842285.
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J Physiol. 2021 Nov 29; doi: 10.1113/JP281058. Epub 2021 Nov 29.

Autonomic control of cerebral blood flow: fundamental comparisons between peripheral and cerebrovascular circulations in humans.

The Journal of physiology

Jodie L Koep, Chloe E Taylor, Jeff S Coombes, Bert Bond, Philip N Ainslie, Tom G Bailey

Affiliations

  1. Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and Exercise, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  2. Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
  3. School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
  4. Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
  5. School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

PMID: 34842285 DOI: 10.1113/JP281058

Abstract

Understanding the contribution of the autonomic nervous system to cerebral blood flow (CBF) control is challenging, and interpretations are unclear. The identification of calcium channels and adrenoreceptors within cerebral vessels has led to common misconceptions that the function of these receptors and actions mirror those of the peripheral vasculature. This review outlines the fundamental differences and complex actions of cerebral autonomic activation compared with the peripheral circulation. Anatomical differences, including the closed nature of the cerebrovasculature, and differential adrenoreceptor subtypes, density, distribution and sensitivity, provide evidence that measures on peripheral sympathetic nerve activity cannot be extrapolated to the cerebrovasculature. Cerebral sympathetic nerve activity seems to act opposingly to the peripheral circulation, mediated at least in part by changes in intracranial pressure and cerebral blood volume. Additionally, heterogeneity in cerebral adrenoreceptor distribution highlights region-specific autonomic regulation of CBF. Compensatory chemo- and autoregulatory responses throughout the cerebral circulation, and interactions with parasympathetic nerve activity are unique features to the cerebral circulation. This crosstalk between sympathetic and parasympathetic reflexes acts to ensure adequate perfusion of CBF to rising and falling perfusion pressures, optimizing delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain, while attempting to maintain blood volume and intracranial pressure. Herein, we highlight the distinct similarities and differences between autonomic control of cerebral and peripheral blood flow, and the regional specificity of sympathetic and parasympathetic regulation within the cerebrovasculature. Future research directions are outlined with the goal to further our understanding of autonomic control of CBF in humans.

© 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2021 The Physiological Society.

Keywords: adrenergic receptors; cerebrovascular regulation; neural control; parasympathetic nerve activity; sympathetic nerve activity

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