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Silva RG, Figueiredo-Braga M. Evaluation of the relationships among happiness, stress, anxiety, and depression in pharmacy students. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2018;10(7):903-910doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2018.04.002.
Silva, R. G., & Figueiredo-Braga, M. (2018). Evaluation of the relationships among happiness, stress, anxiety, and depression in pharmacy students. Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning, 10(7), 903-910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2018.04.002
Silva, Rute Gonçalves, and Figueiredo-Braga, Margarida. "Evaluation of the relationships among happiness, stress, anxiety, and depression in pharmacy students." Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning vol. 10,7 (2018): 903-910. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2018.04.002
Silva RG, Figueiredo-Braga M. Evaluation of the relationships among happiness, stress, anxiety, and depression in pharmacy students. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2018 Jul;10(7):903-910. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2018.04.002. Epub 2018 Apr 27. PMID: 30236427.
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Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2018 Jul;10(7):903-910. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2018.04.002. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

Evaluation of the relationships among happiness, stress, anxiety, and depression in pharmacy students.

Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning

Rute Gonçalves Silva, Margarida Figueiredo-Braga

Affiliations

  1. Medical Psychology Unit, Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
  2. Medical Psychology Unit, Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; I3S-Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 30236427 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2018.04.002

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: To present the results of a survey on stress, anxiety, depression, subjective happiness, and academic satisfaction among pharmacy students.

METHODS: A total of 410 pharmacy students, were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and happiness were evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), in May 2015.

RESULTS: First and second year student's (n = 200) presented higher levels of academic satisfaction (p = 0.003) and lower levels of stress (p < 0.001), anxiety (p = 0.011) and depression (p = 0.010) than third and fourth year students (n = 210). Academic satisfaction, HADS, and the PSS explained 36.7% of the students' happiness.

CONCLUSIONS: The student's psychological distress, academic satisfaction, and happiness varies through the school years. Monitoring a probable cumulative effect during pharmacy school may contribute to identify students at risk.

Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Happiness; Pharmacy students; Stress

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