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Front Hum Neurosci. 2019 Jul 05;13:224. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00224. eCollection 2019.

Applying a Women's Health Lens to the Study of the Aging Brain.

Frontiers in human neuroscience

Caitlin M Taylor, Laura Pritschet, Shuying Yu, Emily G Jacobs

Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States.
  2. The Sage Center for the Study of the Mind, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States.
  3. Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States.

PMID: 31333434 PMCID: PMC6625223 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00224

Abstract

A major challenge in neuroscience is to understand what happens to a brain as it ages. Such insights could make it possible to distinguish between individuals who will undergo typical aging and those at risk for neurodegenerative disease. Over the last quarter century, thousands of human brain imaging studies have probed the neural basis of age-related cognitive decline. "Aging" studies generally enroll adults over the age of 65, a historical precedent rooted in the average age of retirement. A consequence of this research tradition is that it overlooks one of the most significant neuroendocrine changes in a woman's life: the transition to menopause. The menopausal transition is marked by an overall decline in ovarian sex steroid production-up to 90% in the case of estradiol-a dramatic endocrine change that impacts multiple biological systems, including the brain. Despite sex differences in the risk for dementia, the influence that biological sex and sex hormones have on the aging brain is historically understudied, leaving a critical gap in our understanding of the aging process. In this

Keywords: cognitive aging; estradiol; memory; menopause; neuroimaging; reproductive aging; sex steroid hormones; women’s health

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