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Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons: a randomized controlled trial of nonpharmacologic interventions in the elderly …

Stem career interventions

Appel LJ, Espeland MA, Whelton PK.
GSID: mv4WC0y8RHoJ
PK Whelton, LJ Appel, MA Espeland, WB Applegate… - Jama, 1998 - jamanetwork.com

Context.—Nonpharmacologic interventions are frequently recommended for treatment of hypertension in the elderly, but there is a paucity of evidence from randomized controlled trials in support of this recommendation. Objective.—To determine whether weight loss or reduced sodium intake is effective...

Assessing diagnostic reliability and estimating incidence rates associated with a strictly progressive disease: dental caries.

Statistics in medicine

Espeland MA, Murphy WC, Leverett DH.
PMID: 3358020
Stat Med. 1988 Mar;7(3):403-16. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780070306.

This paper presents a general approach for simultaneously assessing, from serial data, diagnostic consistency, interrater reliability and incidence of a strictly progressive disease. Observed data are viewed as incomplete: diagnostic errors are not distinguished from true diagnoses. We introduce...

Obesity and Structural Brain Integrity in Older Women: The Women's Health Initiative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Driscoll I, Gaussoin SA, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Limacher M, Casanova R, Yaffe K, Resnick SM, Espeland MA.
PMID: 26961581
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Sep;71(9):1216-1222. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw023. Epub 2016 Mar 09.

BACKGROUND: Midlife obesity has been linked to age-related brain atrophy and risk of dementia, but the relationships are less clear for older individuals. These associations may be explained by changes in appetite or metabolism in the dementia prodrome; thus,...

Changes in metabolic risk factors over 10 years and their associations with late-life cognitive performance: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

Hughes TM, Craft S, Baker LD, Espeland MA, Rapp SR, Sink KM, Bertoni AG, Burke GL, Gottesman RF, Michos ED, Luchsinger JA, Fitzpatrick AL, Hayden KM.
PMID: 28435852
Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2017 Mar 31;8:18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.dadm.2017.03.003. eCollection 2017.

BACKGROUND: We examined whether changes in metabolic factors over 10 years were associated with cognitive performance.METHODS: Participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis were followed since baseline (2000-2002) with five clinical examinations. At exam 5 (2010-2012), they received a...

Complexation, Stabilization, and UV Photolysis of Extracellular and Surface-Bound Glucosidase and Alkaline Phosphatase: Implications for Biofilm Microbiota.

Microbial ecology

Espeland EM, Wetzel RG.
PMID: 12024240
Microb Ecol. 2001 Dec;42(4):572-585. doi: 10.1007/s00248-001-1023-7.

Biofilm-produced and commercially-purified a- and b-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase were subjected to different spectral portions of natural and artificial light and exposed to various humic substances to elucidate their impact on enzyme activities. Photochemical degradation of all enzymes occurred...

Carotid intimal-media thickness as a surrogate for cardiovascular disease events in trials of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

Current controlled trials in cardiovascular medicine

Espeland MA, O'leary DH, Terry JG, Morgan T, Evans G, Mudra H.
PMID: 15760471
Curr Control Trials Cardiovasc Med. 2005 Mar 10;6(1):3. doi: 10.1186/1468-6708-6-3.

BACKGROUND: Surrogate measures for cardiovascular disease events have the potential to increase greatly the efficiency of clinical trials. A leading candidate for such a surrogate is the progression of intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery; much experience has...

Intraindividual variability in domain-specific cognition and risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Current gerontology and geriatrics research

Vaughan L, Leng I, Dagenbach D, Resnick SM, Rapp SR, Jennings JM, Brunner RL, Simpson SL, Beavers DP, Coker LH, Gaussoin SA, Sink KM, Espeland MA.
PMID: 24454359
Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2013;2013:495793. doi: 10.1155/2013/495793. Epub 2013 Dec 22.

Intraindividual variability among cognitive domains may predict dementia independently of interindividual differences in cognition. A multidomain cognitive battery was administered to 2305 older adult women (mean age 74 years) enrolled in an ancillary study of the Women's Health Initiative....

Preserved endothelial function in young adults with type 1 diabetes.

PloS one

Heier M, Espeland CN, Brunborg C, Seljeflot I, Margeirsdottir HD, Hanssen KF, Fugelseth D, Dahl-Jørgensen K.
PMID: 30359432
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 25;13(10):e0206523. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206523. eCollection 2018.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and is typically present in older adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In young adults, we aimed to assess the impact of T1D on endothelial function as...

Community-Based Activity and Sedentary Patterns Are Associated With Cognitive Performance in Mobility-Limited Older Adults.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience

Wanigatunga AA, Manini TM, Cook DR, Katula J, Fielding RA, Kramer AF, Verghese J, Rapp SR, Sink KM, King AC, Buford TW, Anton S, Nadkarni N, Jennings JM, Reid K, Espeland MA, Gill TM, Pahor M, Nocera JR.
PMID: 30498440
Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Nov 15;10:341. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00341. eCollection 2018.

Over the last few decades, considerable evidence shows that greater levels of aerobic exercise and cardiovascular fitness benefit cognitive performance. However, the degree to which free-living activity in community settings is related to cognitive performance remains unclear, particularly in...

Effect of Linagliptin vs Glimepiride on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The CAROLINA Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA

Rosenstock J, Kahn SE, Johansen OE, Zinman B, Espeland MA, Woerle HJ, Pfarr E, Keller A, Mattheus M, Baanstra D, Meinicke T, George JT, von Eynatten M, McGuire DK, Marx N.
PMID: 31536101
JAMA. 2019 Sep 24;322(12):1155-1166. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.13772.

IMPORTANCE: Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. In placebo-controlled cardiovascular safety trials, the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin demonstrated noninferiority, but it has not been tested against an active comparator.OBJECTIVE: This trial assessed cardiovascular outcomes of linagliptin...

General and domain-specific cognitive reserve, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia risk in older women.

Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)

Petkus AJ, Resnick SM, Rapp SR, Espeland MA, Gatz M, Widaman KF, Wang X, Younan D, Casanova R, Chui H, Barnard RT, Gaussoin S, Goveas JS, Hayden KM, Henderson VW, Sachs BC, Saldana S, Shadyab AH, Shumaker SA, Chen JC.
PMID: 31011622
Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2019 Apr 10;5:118-128. doi: 10.1016/j.trci.2019.02.003. eCollection 2019.

INTRODUCTION: In a geographically diverse sample of women, we asked whether cognitive reserve (CR) is best viewed as a general or cognitive domain-specific construct and whether some cognitive reserve domains but not others exert protective effects on risk of...

Interbreeding between local and translocated populations of a cleaner fish in an experimental mesocosm predicts risk of disrupted local adaptation.

Ecology and evolution

Blanco Gonzalez E, Espeland SH, Jentoft S, Hansen MM, Robalo JI, Stenseth NC, Jorde PE.
PMID: 31236251
Ecol Evol. 2019 May 09;9(11):6665-6677. doi: 10.1002/ece3.5246. eCollection 2019 Jun.

Translocation of organisms within or outside its native range carries the risk of modifying the community of the recipient ecosystems and induces gene flow between locally adapted populations or closely related species. In this study, we evaluated the genetic...

Showing 1 to 12 of 102 entries