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Gorgolewski KJ, Auer T, Calhoun VD, et al. The brain imaging data structure, a format for organizing and describing outputs of neuroimaging experiments. Sci Data. 2016;3:160044doi: 10.1038/sdata.2016.44.
Gorgolewski, K. J., Auer, T., Calhoun, V. D., Craddock, R. C., Das, S., Duff, E. P., Flandin, G., Ghosh, S. S., Glatard, T., Halchenko, Y. O., Handwerker, D. A., Hanke, M., Keator, D., Li, X., Michael, Z., Maumet, C., Nichols, B. N., Nichols, T. E., Pellman, J., Poline, J. B., Rokem, A., Schaefer, G., Sochat, V., Triplett, W., Turner, J. A., Varoquaux, G., & Poldrack, R. A. (2016). The brain imaging data structure, a format for organizing and describing outputs of neuroimaging experiments. Scientific data, 3160044. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.44
Gorgolewski, Krzysztof J, et al. "The brain imaging data structure, a format for organizing and describing outputs of neuroimaging experiments." Scientific data vol. 3 (2016): 160044. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.44
Gorgolewski KJ, Auer T, Calhoun VD, Craddock RC, Das S, Duff EP, Flandin G, Ghosh SS, Glatard T, Halchenko YO, Handwerker DA, Hanke M, Keator D, Li X, Michael Z, Maumet C, Nichols BN, Nichols TE, Pellman J, Poline JB, Rokem A, Schaefer G, Sochat V, Triplett W, Turner JA, Varoquaux G, Poldrack RA. The brain imaging data structure, a format for organizing and describing outputs of neuroimaging experiments. Sci Data. 2016 Jun 21;3:160044. doi: 10.1038/sdata.2016.44. PMID: 27326542; PMCID: PMC4978148.
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Sci Data. 2016 Jun 21;3:160044. doi: 10.1038/sdata.2016.44.

The brain imaging data structure, a format for organizing and describing outputs of neuroimaging experiments.

Scientific data

Krzysztof J Gorgolewski, Tibor Auer, Vince D Calhoun, R Cameron Craddock, Samir Das, Eugene P Duff, Guillaume Flandin, Satrajit S Ghosh, Tristan Glatard, Yaroslav O Halchenko, Daniel A Handwerker, Michael Hanke, David Keator, Xiangrui Li, Zachary Michael, Camille Maumet, B Nolan Nichols, Thomas E Nichols, John Pellman, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Ariel Rokem, Gunnar Schaefer, Vanessa Sochat, William Triplett, Jessica A Turner, Gaël Varoquaux, Russell A Poldrack

Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
  2. MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK.
  3. The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
  4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA.
  5. Computational Neuroimaging Lab, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York 10962, USA.
  6. Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, New York 10022, USA.
  7. McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Ludmer Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4.
  8. FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
  9. Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London WC1N 3BG, UK.
  10. McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  11. Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
  12. Université de Lyon, CREATIS; CNRS UMR5220; Inserm U1044; INSA-Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69100, France.
  13. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
  14. Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA.
  15. Department of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg 39016, Germany.
  16. Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg 39118, Germany.
  17. Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, California, Irvine 92697, USA.
  18. Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
  19. Squishymedia, Portland, Oregon 97232, USA.
  20. WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
  21. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
  22. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94304, USA.
  23. Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
  24. Henry Wheeler Jr. Brain Imaging Center, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
  25. The University of Washington eScience Institute, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
  26. Flywheel Exchange, LLC, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55405, USA.
  27. Program in Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
  28. Department of Psychology &the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, USA.
  29. Parietal team, INRIA Saclay, Palaiseau 91120, FR.

PMID: 27326542 PMCID: PMC4978148 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2016.44

Abstract

The development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques has defined modern neuroimaging. Since its inception, tens of thousands of studies using techniques such as functional MRI and diffusion weighted imaging have allowed for the non-invasive study of the brain. Despite the fact that MRI is routinely used to obtain data for neuroscience research, there has been no widely adopted standard for organizing and describing the data collected in an imaging experiment. This renders sharing and reusing data (within or between labs) difficult if not impossible and unnecessarily complicates the application of automatic pipelines and quality assurance protocols. To solve this problem, we have developed the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS), a standard for organizing and describing MRI datasets. The BIDS standard uses file formats compatible with existing software, unifies the majority of practices already common in the field, and captures the metadata necessary for most common data processing operations.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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