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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, et al. Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett. 2018;121(5):051102doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051102.
Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. A., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Aupetit, S., Azzarello, P., Bachlechner, A., Barao, F., Barrau, A., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basara, L., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battarbee, M., Battiston, R., Becker, U., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindel, K. F., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Bonnivard, V., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Cadoux, F., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Caroff, S., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chae, M. J., Chang, Y. H., Chen, A. I., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Choumilov, E., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Clavero, R., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Creus, W., Crispoltoni, M., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dai, Y. M., Datta, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Dimiccoli, F., Díaz, C., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., D'Urso, D., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Eronen, T., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Galaktionov, Y., Gallucci, G., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Ghelfi, A., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K. H., Haino, S., Han, K. C., He, Z. H., Heil, M., Hsieh, T. H., Huang, H., Huang, Z. C., Huh, C., Incagli, M., Ionica, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Y., Jinchi, H., Kang, S. C., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kim, K. S., Kirn, T., Konak, C., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Leluc, C., Li, H. S., Li, J. Q., Li, Q., Li, T. X., Li, Z. H., Li, Z. Y., Lim, S., Lin, C. H., Lipari, P., Lippert, T., Liu, D., Liu, H., Lordello, V. D., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, F., Luo, J. Z., Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikuni, V. M., Mo, D. C., Mott, P., Nelson, T., Ni, J. Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Palomares, C., Paniccia, M., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Perrina, C., Phan, H. D., Picot-Clemente, N., Pilo, F., Pizzolotto, C., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poireau, V., Quadrani, L., Qi, X. M., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Räihä, T., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Ricol, J. S., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. M., von Dratzig, A. S., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Shi, J. Y., Siedenburg, T., Son, D., Song, J. W., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tescaro, D., Ting, S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Türkoğlu, C., Urban, T., Vagelli, V., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, X., Wang, X. Q., Wang, Z. X., Wei, C. C., Weng, Z. L., Whitman, K., Wu, H., Wu, X., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, J., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y. J., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zeissler, S., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, S. W., Zhang, Z., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., Zuccon, P. (2018). Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. Physical review letters, 121(5), 051102. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051102
Aguilar, M, et al. "Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station." Physical review letters vol. 121,5 (2018): 051102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051102
Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Aupetit S, Azzarello P, Bachlechner A, Barao F, Barrau A, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Basara L, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battarbee M, Battiston R, Becker U, Behlmann M, Beischer B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindel KF, Bindi V, de Boer W, Bollweg K, Bonnivard V, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Cadoux F, Cai XD, Capell M, Caroff S, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chae MJ, Chang YH, Chen AI, Chen GM, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Choumilov E, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Clavero R, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Creus W, Crispoltoni M, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dai YM, Datta A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Dimiccoli F, Díaz C, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, D'Urso D, Egorov A, Eline A, Eronen T, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Galaktionov Y, Gallucci G, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gebauer I, Gervasi M, Ghelfi A, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guo KH, Haino S, Han KC, He ZH, Heil M, Hsieh TH, Huang H, Huang ZC, Huh C, Incagli M, Ionica M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Kang SC, Kanishev K, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kim KS, Kirn T, Konak C, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Leluc C, Li HS, Li JQ, Li Q, Li TX, Li ZH, Li ZY, Lim S, Lin CH, Lipari P, Lippert T, Liu D, Liu H, Lordello VD, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo F, Luo JZ, Lyu SS, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikuni VM, Mo DC, Mott P, Nelson T, Ni JQ, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Palomares C, Paniccia M, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Perrina C, Phan HD, Picot-Clemente N, Pilo F, Pizzolotto C, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poireau V, Quadrani L, Qi XM, Qin X, Qu ZY, Räihä T, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Ricol JS, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schmidt SM, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Shi JY, Siedenburg T, Son D, Song JW, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tescaro D, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Türkoğlu C, Urban T, Vagelli V, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang X, Wang XQ, Wang ZX, Wei CC, Weng ZL, Whitman K, Wu H, Wu X, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang J, Yang M, Yang Y, Yi H, Yu YJ, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zeissler S, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang SW, Zhang Z, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zimmermann N, Zuccon P. Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett. 2018 Aug 03;121(5):051102. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051102. PMID: 30118287.
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Phys Rev Lett. 2018 Aug 03;121(5):051102. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051102.

Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station.

Physical review letters

M Aguilar, L Ali Cavasonza, G Ambrosi, L Arruda, N Attig, S Aupetit, P Azzarello, A Bachlechner, F Barao, A Barrau, L Barrin, A Bartoloni, L Basara, S Başeğmez-du Pree, M Battarbee, R Battiston, U Becker, M Behlmann, B Beischer, J Berdugo, B Bertucci, K F Bindel, V Bindi, W de Boer, K Bollweg, V Bonnivard, B Borgia, M J Boschini, M Bourquin, E F Bueno, J Burger, F Cadoux, X D Cai, M Capell, S Caroff, J Casaus, G Castellini, F Cervelli, M J Chae, Y H Chang, A I Chen, G M Chen, H S Chen, Y Chen, L Cheng, H Y Chou, E Choumilov, V Choutko, C H Chung, C Clark, R Clavero, G Coignet, C Consolandi, A Contin, C Corti, W Creus, M Crispoltoni, Z Cui, K Dadzie, Y M Dai, A Datta, C Delgado, S Della Torre, M B Demirköz, L Derome, S Di Falco, F Dimiccoli, C Díaz, P von Doetinchem, F Dong, F Donnini, M Duranti, D D'Urso, A Egorov, A Eline, T Eronen, J Feng, E Fiandrini, P Fisher, V Formato, Y Galaktionov, G Gallucci, R J García-López, C Gargiulo, H Gast, I Gebauer, M Gervasi, A Ghelfi, F Giovacchini, D M Gómez-Coral, J Gong, C Goy, V Grabski, D Grandi, M Graziani, K H Guo, S Haino, K C Han, Z H He, M Heil, T H Hsieh, H Huang, Z C Huang, C Huh, M Incagli, M Ionica, W Y Jang, Yi Jia, H Jinchi, S C Kang, K Kanishev, B Khiali, G N Kim, K S Kim, Th Kirn, C Konak, O Kounina, A Kounine, V Koutsenko, A Kulemzin, G La Vacca, E Laudi, G Laurenti, I Lazzizzera, A Lebedev, H T Lee, S C Lee, C Leluc, H S Li, J Q Li, Q Li, T X Li, Z H Li, Z Y Li, S Lim, C H Lin, P Lipari, T Lippert, D Liu, Hu Liu, V D Lordello, S Q Lu, Y S Lu, K Luebelsmeyer, F Luo, J Z Luo, S S Lyu, F Machate, C Mañá, J Marín, T Martin, G Martínez, N Masi, D Maurin, A Menchaca-Rocha, Q Meng, V M Mikuni, D C Mo, P Mott, T Nelson, J Q Ni, N Nikonov, F Nozzoli, A Oliva, M Orcinha, M Palermo, F Palmonari, C Palomares, M Paniccia, M Pauluzzi, S Pensotti, C Perrina, H D Phan, N Picot-Clemente, F Pilo, C Pizzolotto, V Plyaskin, M Pohl, V Poireau, L Quadrani, X M Qi, X Qin, Z Y Qu, T Räihä, P G Rancoita, D Rapin, J S Ricol, S Rosier-Lees, A Rozhkov, D Rozza, R Sagdeev, S Schael, S M Schmidt, A Schulz von Dratzig, G Schwering, E S Seo, B S Shan, J Y Shi, T Siedenburg, D Son, J W Song, M Tacconi, X W Tang, Z C Tang, D Tescaro, Samuel C C Ting, S M Ting, N Tomassetti, J Torsti, C Türkoğlu, T Urban, V Vagelli, E Valente, E Valtonen, M Vázquez Acosta, M Vecchi, M Velasco, J P Vialle, L Q Wang, N H Wang, Q L Wang, X Wang, X Q Wang, Z X Wang, C C Wei, Z L Weng, K Whitman, H Wu, X Wu, R Q Xiong, W Xu, Q Yan, J Yang, M Yang, Y Yang, H Yi, Y J Yu, Z Q Yu, M Zannoni, S Zeissler, C Zhang, F Zhang, J Zhang, J H Zhang, S W Zhang, Z Zhang, Z M Zheng, H L Zhuang, V Zhukov, A Zichichi, N Zimmermann, P Zuccon,

Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  2. I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  3. INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  4. Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
  5. Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
  6. Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  7. DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  8. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
  9. INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  10. INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
  11. Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
  12. Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
  13. Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
  14. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  15. Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  16. Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
  17. Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  18. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
  19. Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  20. INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  21. Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  22. Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
  23. CNR-IROE, I-50125 Firenze, Italy.
  24. INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
  25. Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.
  26. National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan.
  27. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China.
  28. Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
  29. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
  30. INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  31. Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  32. Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
  33. Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
  34. Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
  35. Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China.
  36. Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  37. Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
  38. Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
  39. National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan.
  40. CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
  41. Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
  42. National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
  43. IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
  44. East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
  45. Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China.

PMID: 30118287 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051102

Abstract

We present high-statistics, precision measurements of the detailed time and energy dependence of the primary cosmic-ray electron flux and positron flux over 79 Bartels rotations from May 2011 to May 2017 in the energy range from 1 to 50 GeV. For the first time, the charge-sign dependent modulation during solar maximum has been investigated in detail by leptons alone. Based on 23.5×10^{6} events, we report the observation of short-term structures on the timescale of months coincident in both the electron flux and the positron flux. These structures are not visible in the e^{+}/e^{-} flux ratio. The precision measurements across the solar polarity reversal show that the ratio exhibits a smooth transition over 830±30 days from one value to another. The midpoint of the transition shows an energy dependent delay relative to the reversal and changes by 260±30 days from 1 to 6 GeV.

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