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Sadanandan N, Shear A, Brooks B, et al. Treating Metastatic Brain Cancers With Stem Cells. Front Mol Neurosci. 2021;14:749716doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.749716.
Sadanandan, N., Shear, A., Brooks, B., Saft, M., Cabantan, D. A. G., Kingsbury, C., Zhang, H., Anthony, S., Wang, Z. J., Salazar, F. E., Lezama Toledo, A. R., Rivera Monroy, G., Vega Gonzales-Portillo, J., Moscatello, A., Lee, J. Y., & Borlongan, C. V. (2021). Treating Metastatic Brain Cancers With Stem Cells. Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 14749716. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.749716
Sadanandan, Nadia, et al. "Treating Metastatic Brain Cancers With Stem Cells." Frontiers in molecular neuroscience vol. 14 (2021): 749716. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.749716
Sadanandan N, Shear A, Brooks B, Saft M, Cabantan DAG, Kingsbury C, Zhang H, Anthony S, Wang ZJ, Salazar FE, Lezama Toledo AR, Rivera Monroy G, Vega Gonzales-Portillo J, Moscatello A, Lee JY, Borlongan CV. Treating Metastatic Brain Cancers With Stem Cells. Front Mol Neurosci. 2021 Nov 24;14:749716. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.749716. eCollection 2021. PMID: 34899179; PMCID: PMC8651876.
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Front Mol Neurosci. 2021 Nov 24;14:749716. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.749716. eCollection 2021.

Treating Metastatic Brain Cancers With Stem Cells.

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

Nadia Sadanandan, Alex Shear, Beverly Brooks, Madeline Saft, Dorothy Anne Galang Cabantan, Chase Kingsbury, Henry Zhang, Stefan Anthony, Zhen-Jie Wang, Felipe Esparza Salazar, Alma R Lezama Toledo, Germán Rivera Monroy, Joaquin Vega Gonzales-Portillo, Alexa Moscatello, Jea-Young Lee, Cesario V Borlongan

Affiliations

  1. Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.
  2. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
  3. Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States.
  4. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
  5. Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI, United States.
  6. Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States.
  7. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Mexico.
  8. Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
  9. Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States.

PMID: 34899179 PMCID: PMC8651876 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.749716

Abstract

Stem cell therapy may present an effective treatment for metastatic brain cancer and glioblastoma. Here we posit the critical role of a leaky blood-brain barrier (BBB) as a key element for the development of brain metastases, specifically melanoma. By reviewing the immunological and inflammatory responses associated with BBB damage secondary to tumoral activity, we identify the involvement of this pathological process in the growth and formation of metastatic brain cancers. Likewise, we evaluate the hypothesis of regenerating impaired endothelial cells of the BBB and alleviating the damaged neurovascular unit to attenuate brain metastasis, using the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) phenotype of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Specifically, there is a need to evaluate the efficacy for stem cell therapy to repair disruptions in the BBB and reduce inflammation in the brain, thereby causing attenuation of metastatic brain cancers. To establish the viability of stem cell therapy for the prevention and treatment of metastatic brain tumors, it is crucial to demonstrate BBB repair through augmentation of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. BBB disruption is strongly linked to metastatic melanoma, worsens neuroinflammation during metastasis, and negatively influences the prognosis of metastatic brain cancer. Using stem cell therapy to interrupt inflammation secondary to this leaky BBB represents a paradigm-shifting approach for brain cancer treatment. In this review article, we critically assess the advantages and disadvantages of using stem cell therapy for brain metastases and glioblastoma.

Copyright © 2021 Sadanandan, Shear, Brooks, Saft, Cabantan, Kingsbury, Zhang, Anthony, Wang, Salazar, Lezama Toledo, Rivera Monroy, Vega Gonzales-Portillo, Moscatello, Lee and Borlongan.

Keywords: blood brain barrier; bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell; brain metastases; endothelial progenitor cell; melanoma; neuroinflammation; stem cell therapy

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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