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Phys Rev Lett. 2019 Sep 13;123(11):112002. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.112002.

First Observation of an Attractive Interaction between a Proton and a Cascade Baryon.

Physical review letters

S Acharya, D Adamová, S P Adhya, A Adler, J Adolfsson, M M Aggarwal, G Aglieri Rinella, M Agnello, N Agrawal, Z Ahammed, S Ahmad, S U Ahn, S Aiola, A Akindinov, M Al-Turany, S N Alam, D S D Albuquerque, D Aleksandrov, B Alessandro, H M Alfanda, R Alfaro Molina, B Ali, Y Ali, A Alici, A Alkin, J Alme, T Alt, L Altenkamper, I Altsybeev, M N Anaam, C Andrei, D Andreou, H A Andrews, A Andronic, M Angeletti, V Anguelov, C Anson, T Antičić, F Antinori, P Antonioli, R Anwar, N Apadula, L Aphecetche, H Appelshäuser, S Arcelli, R Arnaldi, M Arratia, I C Arsene, M Arslandok, A Augustinus, R Averbeck, S Aziz, M D Azmi, A Badalà, Y W Baek, S Bagnasco, R Bailhache, R Bala, A Baldisseri, M Ball, R C Baral, R Barbera, L Barioglio, G G Barnaföldi, L S Barnby, V Barret, P Bartalini, K Barth, E Bartsch, F Baruffaldi, N Bastid, S Basu, G Batigne, B Batyunya, P C Batzing, D Bauri, J L Bazo Alba, I G Bearden, C Bedda, N K Behera, I Belikov, F Bellini, R Bellwied, V Belyaev, G Bencedi, S Beole, A Bercuci, Y Berdnikov, D Berenyi, R A Bertens, D Berzano, L Betev, A Bhasin, I R Bhat, H Bhatt, B Bhattacharjee, A Bianchi, L Bianchi, N Bianchi, J Bielčík, J Bielčíková, A Bilandzic, G Biro, R Biswas, S Biswas, J T Blair, D Blau, C Blume, G Boca, F Bock, A Bogdanov, L Boldizsár, A Bolozdynya, M Bombara, G Bonomi, M Bonora, H Borel, A Borissov, M Borri, H Bossi, E Botta, C Bourjau, L Bratrud, P Braun-Munzinger, M Bregant, T A Broker, M Broz, E J Brucken, E Bruna, G E Bruno, M D Buckland, D Budnikov, H Buesching, S Bufalino, O Bugnon, P Buhler, P Buncic, O Busch, Z Buthelezi, J B Butt, J T Buxton, D Caffarri, A Caliva, E Calvo Villar, R S Camacho, P Camerini, A A Capon, F Carnesecchi, J Castillo Castellanos, A J Castro, E A R Casula, F Catalano, C Ceballos Sanchez, P Chakraborty, S Chandra, B Chang, W Chang, S Chapeland, M Chartier, S Chattopadhyay, S Chattopadhyay, A Chauvin, C Cheshkov, B Cheynis, V Chibante Barroso, D D Chinellato, S Cho, P Chochula, T Chowdhury, P Christakoglou, C H Christensen, P Christiansen, T Chujo, C Cicalo, L Cifarelli, F Cindolo, J Cleymans, F Colamaria, D Colella, A Collu, M Colocci, M Concas, G Conesa Balbastre, Z Conesa Del Valle, G Contin, J G Contreras, T M Cormier, Y Corrales Morales, P Cortese, M R Cosentino, F Costa, S Costanza, J Crkovská, P Crochet, E Cuautle, L Cunqueiro, D Dabrowski, T Dahms, A Dainese, F P A Damas, S Dani, M C Danisch, A Danu, D Das, I Das, S Das, A Dash, S Dash, A Dashi, S De, A De Caro, G de Cataldo, C de Conti, J de Cuveland, A De Falco, D De Gruttola, N De Marco, S De Pasquale, R D De Souza, S Deb, H F Degenhardt, A Deisting, K R Deja, A Deloff, S Delsanto, P Dhankher, D Di Bari, A Di Mauro, R A Diaz, T Dietel, P Dillenseger, Y Ding, R Divià, Ø Djuvsland, U Dmitrieva, A Dobrin, B Dönigus, O Dordic, A K Dubey, A Dubla, S Dudi, A K Duggal, M Dukhishyam, P Dupieux, R J Ehlers, D Elia, H Engel, E Epple, B Erazmus, F Erhardt, A Erokhin, M R Ersdal, B Espagnon, G Eulisse, J Eum, D Evans, S Evdokimov, L Fabbietti, M Faggin, J Faivre, A Fantoni, M Fasel, P Fecchio, L Feldkamp, A Feliciello, G Feofilov, A Fernández Téllez, A Ferrero, A Ferretti, A Festanti, V J G Feuillard, J Figiel, S Filchagin, D Finogeev, F M Fionda, G Fiorenza, F Flor, S Foertsch, P Foka, S Fokin, E Fragiacomo, A Francisco, U Frankenfeld, G G Fronze, U Fuchs, C Furget, A Furs, M Fusco Girard, J J Gaardhøje, M Gagliardi, A M Gago, A Gal, C D Galvan, P Ganoti, C Garabatos, E Garcia-Solis, K Garg, C Gargiulo, K Garner, P Gasik, E F Gauger, M B Gay Ducati, M Germain, J Ghosh, P Ghosh, S K Ghosh, P Gianotti, P Giubellino, P Giubilato, P Glässel, D M Goméz Coral, A Gomez Ramirez, V Gonzalez, P González-Zamora, S Gorbunov, L Görlich, S Gotovac, V Grabski, L K Graczykowski, K L Graham, L Greiner, A Grelli, C Grigoras, V Grigoriev, A Grigoryan, S Grigoryan, O S Groettvik, J M Gronefeld, F Grosa, J F Grosse-Oetringhaus, R Grosso, R Guernane, B Guerzoni, M Guittiere, K Gulbrandsen, T Gunji, A Gupta, R Gupta, I B Guzman, R Haake, M K 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Rumyantsev, A Rustamov, E Ryabinkin, Y Ryabov, A Rybicki, H Rytkonen, S Saarinen, S Sadhu, S Sadovsky, K Šafařík, S K Saha, B Sahoo, P Sahoo, R Sahoo, S Sahoo, P K Sahu, J Saini, S Sakai, S Sambyal, V Samsonov, A Sandoval, A Sarkar, D Sarkar, N Sarkar, P Sarma, V M Sarti, M H P Sas, E Scapparone, B Schaefer, J Schambach, H S Scheid, C Schiaua, R Schicker, A Schmah, C Schmidt, H R Schmidt, M O Schmidt, M Schmidt, N V Schmidt, A R Schmier, J Schukraft, Y Schutz, K Schwarz, K Schweda, G Scioli, E Scomparin, M Šefčík, J E Seger, Y Sekiguchi, D Sekihata, I Selyuzhenkov, S Senyukov, E Serradilla, P Sett, A Sevcenco, A Shabanov, A Shabetai, R Shahoyan, W Shaikh, A Shangaraev, A Sharma, A Sharma, M Sharma, N Sharma, A I Sheikh, K Shigaki, M Shimomura, S Shirinkin, Q Shou, Y Sibiriak, S Siddhanta, T Siemiarczuk, D Silvermyr, G Simatovic, G Simonetti, R Singh, R Singh, V K Singh, V Singhal, T Sinha, B Sitar, M Sitta, T B Skaali, M Slupecki, N Smirnov, R J M Snellings, T W Snellman, J Sochan, C Soncco, J Song, A Songmoolnak, F Soramel, S Sorensen, I Sputowska, J Stachel, I Stan, P Stankus, P J Steffanic, E Stenlund, D Stocco, M M Storetvedt, P Strmen, A A P Suaide, T Sugitate, C Suire, M Suleymanov, M Suljic, R Sultanov, M Šumbera, S Sumowidagdo, K Suzuki, S Swain, A Szabo, I Szarka, U Tabassam, G Taillepied, J Takahashi, G J Tambave, S Tang, M Tarhini, M G Tarzila, A Tauro, G Tejeda Muñoz, A Telesca, C Terrevoli, D Thakur, S Thakur, D Thomas, F Thoresen, R Tieulent, A Tikhonov, A R Timmins, A Toia, N Topilskaya, M Toppi, F Torales-Acosta, S R Torres, S Tripathy, T Tripathy, S Trogolo, G Trombetta, L Tropp, V Trubnikov, W H Trzaska, T P Trzcinski, B A Trzeciak, T Tsuji, A Tumkin, R Turrisi, T S Tveter, K Ullaland, E N Umaka, A Uras, G L Usai, A Utrobicic, M Vala, N Valle, S Vallero, N van der Kolk, L V R van Doremalen, M van Leeuwen, P Vande Vyvre, D Varga, M Varga-Kofarago, A Vargas, M Vargyas, R Varma, M Vasileiou, A Vasiliev, O Vázquez Doce, V Vechernin, A M Veen, E 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Affiliations

  1. Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute.
  2. Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences.
  3. Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik.
  4. Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics.
  5. Physics Department, Panjab University.
  6. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN).
  7. Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN.
  8. Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi'.
  9. Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University.
  10. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information.
  11. Yale University.
  12. Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics.
  13. Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH.
  14. Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP).
  15. National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute.
  16. INFN, Sezione di Torino.
  17. Central China Normal University.
  18. Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  19. COMSATS University Islamabad.
  20. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università.
  21. Sezione INFN.
  22. INFN, Sezione di Bologna.
  23. Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
  24. Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen.
  25. Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt.
  26. St. Petersburg State University.
  27. Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering.
  28. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham.
  29. Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik.
  30. Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg.
  31. Creighton University.
  32. Rudjer Boškovi? Institute.
  33. INFN, Sezione di Padova.
  34. University of Houston.
  35. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
  36. SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Université de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3.
  37. Department of Physics, University of Oslo.
  38. Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3/CNRS), Université de Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay.
  39. INFN, Sezione di Catania.
  40. Gangneung-Wonju National University.
  41. Physics Department, University of Jammu.
  42. Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN).
  43. Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
  44. National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute.
  45. Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università.
  46. Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
  47. Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory.
  48. Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC.
  49. Wayne State University.
  50. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR).
  51. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT).
  52. Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
  53. Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen.
  54. Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University/Nikhef.
  55. Inha University.
  56. Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
  57. NRNU Moscow Engineering Physics Institute.
  58. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute.
  59. University of Tennessee.
  60. Gauhati University, Department of Physics.
  61. INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati.
  62. Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague.
  63. Physik Department, Technische Universität München.
  64. Technische Universität München, Excellence Cluster 'Universe'.
  65. Bose Institute, Department of Physics.
  66. Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS).
  67. The University of Texas at Austin.
  68. Università degli Studi di Pavia.
  69. Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
  70. Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University.
  71. Università di Brescia.
  72. University of Liverpool.
  73. Universidade de S ao Paulo (USP).
  74. Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP).
  75. Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin'.
  76. Politecnico di Bari.
  77. Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF).
  78. Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI).
  79. University of Tsukuba.
  80. iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation.
  81. Ohio State University.
  82. Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics.
  83. High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.
  84. INFN, Sezione di Cagliari.
  85. INFN, Sezione di Bari.
  86. University of Jyväskylä.
  87. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute.
  88. Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne.
  89. University of Cape Town.
  90. Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3.
  91. Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica dell'Università del Piemonte Orientale and INFN Sezione di Torino.
  92. Universidade Federal do ABC.
  93. Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  94. Warsaw University of Technology.
  95. Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute.
  96. Institute of Space Science (ISS).
  97. Indian Institute of Technology Indore.
  98. Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell'Università.
  99. Gruppo Collegato INFN.
  100. Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt.
  101. National Centre for Nuclear Research.
  102. University of the Witwatersrand.
  103. Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN).
  104. Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences.
  105. Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb.
  106. Department of Physics, Pusan National University.
  107. NRC Kurchatov Institute IHEP.
  108. The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences.
  109. INFN, Sezione di Trieste.
  110. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa.
  111. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics.
  112. Chicago State University.
  113. Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).
  114. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split.
  115. A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation.
  116. University of Tokyo.
  117. Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science.
  118. Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences.
  119. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV).
  120. Department of Physics, Sejong University.
  121. Technical University of Košice.
  122. Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences.
  123. Yonsei University.
  124. KTO Karatay University.
  125. Hochschule Worms, Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT).
  126. Chonbuk National University.
  127. California Polytechnic State University.
  128. Suranaree University of Technology.
  129. University College of Southeast Norway.
  130. Department of Physics, University of California.
  131. China Institute of Atomic Energy.
  132. Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences.
  133. Università degli Studi di Foggia.
  134. INFN, Sezione di Roma.
  135. Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università 'La Sapienza'.
  136. Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics.
  137. Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics.
  138. Physics Department, University of Rajasthan.
  139. National Nuclear Research Center.
  140. Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen.
  141. Hiroshima University.
  142. Nara Women's University (NWU).
  143. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics.
  144. Indonesian Institute of Sciences.
  145. Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3, Villeurbanne.
  146. University of Science and Techonology of China.

PMID: 31573229 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.112002

Abstract

This Letter presents the first experimental observation of the attractive strong interaction between a proton and a multistrange baryon (hyperon) Ξ^{-}. The result is extracted from two-particle correlations of combined p-Ξ^{-}⊕p[over ¯]-Ξ[over ¯]^{+} pairs measured in p-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV at the LHC with ALICE. The measured correlation function is compared with the prediction obtained assuming only an attractive Coulomb interaction and a standard deviation in the range [3.6, 5.3] is found. Since the measured p-Ξ^{-}⊕p[over ¯]-Ξ[over ¯]^{+} correlation is significantly enhanced with respect to the Coulomb prediction, the presence of an additional, strong, attractive interaction is evident. The data are compatible with recent lattice calculations by the HAL-QCD Collaboration, with a standard deviation in the range [1.8, 3.7]. The lattice potential predicts a shallow repulsive Ξ^{-} interaction within pure neutron matter and this implies stiffer equations of state for neutron-rich matter including hyperons. Implications of the strong interaction for the modeling of neutron stars are discussed.

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