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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adler A, et al. Evidence of Spin-Orbital Angular Momentum Interactions in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions. Phys Rev Lett. 2020;125(1):012301doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.012301.
Acharya, S., Adamová, D., Adler, A., Adolfsson, J., Aggarwal, M. M., Aglieri Rinella, G., Agnello, M., Agrawal, N., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, S., Ahn, S. U., Akindinov, A., Al-Turany, M., Alam, S. N., Albuquerque, D. S. D., Aleksandrov, D., Alessandro, B., Alfanda, H. M., Alfaro Molina, R., Ali, B., Ali, Y., Alici, A., Alkin, A., Alme, J., Alt, T., Altenkamper, L., Altsybeev, I., Anaam, M. N., Andrei, C., Andreou, D., Andrews, H. A., Andronic, A., Angeletti, M., Anguelov, V., Anson, C., Antičić, T., Antinori, F., Antonioli, P., Anwar, R., Apadula, N., Aphecetche, L., Appelshäuser, H., Arcelli, S., Arnaldi, R., Arratia, M., Arsene, I. C., Arslandok, M., Augustinus, A., Averbeck, R., Aziz, S., Azmi, M. D., Badalà, A., Baek, Y. W., Bagnasco, S., Bai, X., Bailhache, R., Bala, R., Baldisseri, A., Ball, M., Balouza, S., Barbera, R., Barioglio, L., Barnaföldi, G. G., Barnby, L. S., Barret, V., Bartalini, P., Barth, K., Bartsch, E., Baruffaldi, F., Bastid, N., Basu, S., Batigne, G., Batyunya, B., Bauri, D., Bazo Alba, J. L., Bearden, I. G., Bedda, C., Behera, N. K., Belikov, I., Bell Hechavarria, A. D. C., Bellini, F., Bellwied, R., Belyaev, V., Bencedi, G., Beole, S., Bercuci, A., Berdnikov, Y., Berenyi, D., Bertens, R. A., Berzano, D., Besoiu, M. G., Betev, L., Bhasin, A., Bhat, I. R., Bhat, M. A., Bhatt, H., Bhattacharjee, B., Bianchi, A., Bianchi, L., Bianchi, N., Bielčík, J., Bielčíková, J., Bilandzic, A., Biro, G., Biswas, R., Biswas, S., Blair, J. T., Blau, D., Blume, C., Boca, G., Bock, F., Bogdanov, A., Boi, S., Boldizsár, L., Bolozdynya, A., Bombara, M., Bonomi, G., Borel, H., Borissov, A., Bossi, H., Botta, E., Bratrud, L., Braun-Munzinger, P., Bregant, M., Broz, M., Brucken, E. J., Bruna, E., Bruno, G. E., Buckland, M. D., Budnikov, D., Buesching, H., Bufalino, S., Bugnon, O., Buhler, P., Buncic, P., Buthelezi, Z., Butt, J. B., Buxton, J. T., Bysiak, S. A., Caffarri, D., Caliva, A., Calvo Villar, E., Camacho, R. S., Camerini, P., Capon, A. A., Carnesecchi, F., Caron, R., Castillo Castellanos, J., Castro, A. J., Casula, E. A. R., Catalano, F., Ceballos Sanchez, C., Chakraborty, P., Chandra, S., Chang, W., Chapeland, S., Chartier, M., Chattopadhyay, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Chauvin, A., Cheshkov, C., Cheynis, B., Chibante Barroso, V., Chinellato, D. D., Cho, S., Chochula, P., Chowdhury, T., Christakoglou, P., Christensen, C. H., Christiansen, P., Chujo, T., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Cindolo, F., Cleymans, J., Colamaria, F., Colella, D., Collu, A., Colocci, M., Concas, M., Conesa Balbastre, G., Conesa Del Valle, Z., Contin, G., Contreras, J. G., Cormier, T. M., Corrales Morales, Y., Cortese, P., Cosentino, M. R., Costa, F., Costanza, S., Crochet, P., Cuautle, E., Cui, P., Cunqueiro, L., Dabrowski, D., Dahms, T., Dainese, A., Damas, F. P. A., Danisch, M. C., Danu, A., Das, D., Das, I., Das, P., Das, P., Das, S., Dash, A., Dash, S., De, S., De Caro, A., de Cataldo, G., de Cuveland, J., De Falco, A., De Gruttola, D., De Marco, N., De Pasquale, S., Deb, S., Debjani, B., Degenhardt, H. F., Deja, K. R., Deloff, A., Delsanto, S., Devetak, D., Dhankher, P., Di Bari, D., Di Mauro, A., Diaz, R. A., Dietel, T., Dillenseger, P., Ding, Y., Divià, R., Dixit, D. U., Djuvsland, �. �., Dmitrieva, U., Dobrin, A., Dönigus, B., Dordic, O., Dubey, A. K., Dubla, A., Dudi, S., Dukhishyam, M., Dupieux, P., Ehlers, R. J., Eikeland, V. N., Elia, D., Engel, H., Epple, E., Erazmus, B., Erhardt, F., Erokhin, A., Ersdal, M. R., Espagnon, B., Eulisse, G., Evans, D., Evdokimov, S., Fabbietti, L., Faggin, M., Faivre, J., Fan, F., Fantoni, A., Fasel, M., Fecchio, P., Feliciello, A., Feofilov, G., Fernández Téllez, A., Ferrero, A., Ferretti, A., Festanti, A., Feuillard, V. J. G., Figiel, J., Filchagin, S., Finogeev, D., Fionda, F. M., Fiorenza, G., Flor, F., Foertsch, S., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Fragiacomo, E., Frankenfeld, U., Fuchs, U., Furget, C., Furs, A., Fusco Girard, M., Gaardhøje, J. J., Gagliardi, M., Gago, A. M., Gal, A., Galvan, C. D., Ganoti, P., Garabatos, C., Garcia-Solis, E., Garg, K., Gargiulo, C., Garibli, A., Garner, K., Gasik, P., Gauger, E. F., Gay Ducati, M. B., Germain, M., Ghosh, J., Ghosh, P., Ghosh, S. K., Gianotti, P., Giubellino, P., Giubilato, P., Glässel, P., Goméz Coral, D. M., Gomez Ramirez, A., Gonzalez, V., González-Zamora, P., Gorbunov, S., Görlich, L., Gotovac, S., Grabski, V., Graczykowski, L. K., Graham, K. L., Greiner, L., Grelli, A., Grigoras, C., Grigoriev, V., Grigoryan, A., Grigoryan, S., Groettvik, O. S., Grosa, F., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F., Grosso, R., Guernane, R., Guittiere, M., Gulbrandsen, K., Gunji, T., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Guzman, I. B., Haake, R., Habib, M. K., Hadjidakis, C., Hamagaki, H., Hamar, G., Hamid, M., Hannigan, R., Haque, M. R., Harlenderova, A., Harris, J. W., Harton, A., Hasenbichler, J. A., Hassan, H., Hatzifotiadou, D., Hauer, P., Hayashi, S., Heckel, S. T., Hellbär, E., Helstrup, H., Herghelegiu, A., Herman, T., Hernandez, E. G., Herrera Corral, G., Herrmann, F., Hetland, K. F., Hilden, T. E., Hillemanns, H., Hills, C., Hippolyte, B., Hohlweger, B., Horak, D., Hornung, A., Hornung, S., Hosokawa, R., Hristov, P., Huang, C., Hughes, C., Huhn, P., Humanic, T. J., Hushnud, H., Husova, L. A., Hussain, N., Hussain, S. A., Hutter, D., Iddon, J. P., Ilkaev, R., Inaba, M., Innocenti, G. M., Ippolitov, M., Isakov, A., Islam, M. S., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, V., Izucheev, V., Jacak, B., Jacazio, N., Jacobs, P. M., Jadlovska, S., Jadlovsky, J., Jaelani, S., Jahnke, C., Jakubowska, M. J., Janik, M. A., Janson, T., Jercic, M., Jevons, O., Jin, M., Jonas, F., Jones, P. 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Acharya, S, et al. "Evidence of Spin-Orbital Angular Momentum Interactions in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions." Physical review letters vol. 125,1 (2020): 012301. doi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.012301
Acharya S, Adamová D, Adler A, Adolfsson J, Aggarwal MM, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Alam SN, Albuquerque DSD, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alkin A, Alme J, Alt T, Altenkamper L, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andreou D, Andrews HA, Andronic A, Angeletti M, Anguelov V, Anson C, Antičić T, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Anwar R, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arcelli S, Arnaldi R, Arratia M, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Aziz S, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bagnasco S, Bai X, Bailhache R, Bala R, Baldisseri A, Ball M, Balouza S, Barbera R, Barioglio L, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Bartalini P, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Batyunya B, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Bedda C, Behera NK, Belikov I, Bell Hechavarria ADC, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berenyi D, Bertens RA, Berzano D, Besoiu MG, Betev L, Bhasin A, Bhat IR, Bhat MA, Bhatt H, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi A, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas R, Biswas S, Blair JT, Blau D, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bogdanov A, Boi S, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bonomi G, Borel H, Borissov A, Bossi H, Botta E, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broz M, Brucken EJ, Bruna E, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buncic P, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Buxton JT, Bysiak SA, Caffarri D, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho RS, Camerini P, Capon AA, Carnesecchi F, Caron R, Castillo Castellanos J, Castro AJ, Casula EAR, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chang W, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chauvin A, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Cho S, Chochula P, Chowdhury T, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Cicalo C, Cifarelli L, Cindolo F, Cleymans J, Colamaria F, Colella D, Collu A, Colocci M, Concas M, Conesa Balbastre G, Conesa Del Valle Z, Contin G, Contreras JG, Cormier TM, Corrales Morales Y, Cortese P, Cosentino MR, Costa F, Costanza S, Crochet P, Cuautle E, Cui P, Cunqueiro L, Dabrowski D, Dahms T, Dainese A, Damas FPA, Danisch MC, Danu A, Das D, Das I, Das P, Das P, Das S, Dash A, Dash S, De S, De Caro A, de Cataldo G, de Cuveland J, De Falco A, De Gruttola D, De Marco N, De Pasquale S, Deb S, Debjani B, Degenhardt HF, Deja KR, Deloff A, Delsanto S, Devetak D, Dhankher P, Di Bari D, Di Mauro A, Diaz RA, Dietel T, Dillenseger P, Ding Y, Divià R, Dixit DU, Djuvsland Ø, Dmitrieva U, Dobrin A, Dönigus B, Dordic O, Dubey AK, Dubla A, Dudi S, Dukhishyam M, Dupieux P, Ehlers RJ, Eikeland VN, Elia D, Engel H, Epple E, Erazmus B, Erhardt F, Erokhin A, Ersdal MR, Espagnon B, Eulisse G, Evans D, Evdokimov S, Fabbietti L, Faggin M, Faivre J, Fan F, Fantoni A, Fasel M, Fecchio P, Feliciello A, Feofilov G, Fernández Téllez A, Ferrero A, Ferretti A, Festanti A, Feuillard VJG, Figiel J, Filchagin S, Finogeev D, Fionda FM, Fiorenza G, Flor F, Foertsch S, Foka P, Fokin S, Fragiacomo E, Frankenfeld U, Fuchs U, Furget C, Furs A, Fusco Girard M, Gaardhøje JJ, Gagliardi M, Gago AM, Gal A, Galvan CD, Ganoti P, Garabatos C, Garcia-Solis E, Garg K, Gargiulo C, Garibli A, Garner K, Gasik P, Gauger EF, Gay Ducati MB, Germain M, Ghosh J, Ghosh P, Ghosh SK, Gianotti P, Giubellino P, Giubilato P, Glässel P, Goméz Coral DM, Gomez Ramirez A, Gonzalez V, González-Zamora P, Gorbunov S, Görlich L, Gotovac S, Grabski V, Graczykowski LK, Graham KL, Greiner L, Grelli A, Grigoras C, Grigoriev V, Grigoryan A, Grigoryan S, Groettvik OS, Grosa F, Grosse-Oetringhaus JF, Grosso R, Guernane R, Guittiere M, Gulbrandsen K, Gunji T, Gupta A, Gupta R, Guzman IB, Haake R, Habib MK, Hadjidakis C, Hamagaki H, Hamar G, Hamid M, Hannigan R, Haque MR, Harlenderova A, Harris JW, Harton A, Hasenbichler JA, Hassan H, Hatzifotiadou 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Evidence of Spin-Orbital Angular Momentum Interactions in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions. Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Jul 03;125(1):012301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.012301. PMID: 32678650.
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Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Jul 03;125(1):012301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.012301.

Evidence of Spin-Orbital Angular Momentum Interactions in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions.

Physical review letters

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Pistone, M Płoskoń, M Planinic, F Pliquett, J Pluta, S Pochybova, M G Poghosyan, B Polichtchouk, N Poljak, A Pop, H Poppenborg, S Porteboeuf-Houssais, V Pozdniakov, S K Prasad, R Preghenella, F Prino, C A Pruneau, I Pshenichnov, M Puccio, J Putschke, R E Quishpe, S Ragoni, S Raha, S Rajput, J Rak, A Rakotozafindrabe, L Ramello, F Rami, R Raniwala, S Raniwala, S S Räsänen, R Rath, V Ratza, I Ravasenga, K F Read, K Redlich, A Rehman, P Reichelt, F Reidt, X Ren, R Renfordt, Z Rescakova, J-P Revol, K Reygers, V Riabov, T Richert, M Richter, P Riedler, W Riegler, F Riggi, C Ristea, S P Rode, M Rodríguez Cahuantzi, K Røed, R Rogalev, E Rogochaya, D Rohr, D Röhrich, P S Rokita, F Ronchetti, E D Rosas, K Roslon, A Rossi, A Rotondi, A Roy, P Roy, O V Rueda, R Rui, B Rumyantsev, A Rustamov, E Ryabinkin, Y Ryabov, A Rybicki, H Rytkonen, O A M Saarimaki, S Sadhu, S Sadovsky, K Šafařík, S K Saha, B Sahoo, P Sahoo, R Sahoo, S Sahoo, P K Sahu, J Saini, S Sakai, S Sambyal, V Samsonov, D Sarkar, N Sarkar, P Sarma, V M Sarti, M H P Sas, E Scapparone, B Schaefer, J Schambach, H S Scheid, C Schiaua, R Schicker, A Schmah, C Schmidt, H R Schmidt, M O Schmidt, M Schmidt, N V Schmidt, A R Schmier, J Schukraft, Y Schutz, K Schwarz, K Schweda, G Scioli, E Scomparin, M Šefčík, J E Seger, Y Sekiguchi, D Sekihata, I Selyuzhenkov, S Senyukov, D Serebryakov, E Serradilla, A Sevcenco, A Shabanov, A Shabetai, R Shahoyan, W Shaikh, A Shangaraev, A Sharma, A Sharma, H Sharma, M Sharma, N Sharma, A I Sheikh, K Shigaki, M Shimomura, S Shirinkin, Q Shou, Y Sibiriak, S Siddhanta, T Siemiarczuk, D Silvermyr, G Simatovic, G Simonetti, R Singh, R Singh, R Singh, V K Singh, V Singhal, T Sinha, B Sitar, M Sitta, T B Skaali, M Slupecki, N Smirnov, R J M Snellings, T W Snellman, C Soncco, J Song, A Songmoolnak, F Soramel, S Sorensen, I Sputowska, J Stachel, I Stan, P Stankus, P J Steffanic, E Stenlund, D Stocco, M M Storetvedt, L D Stritto, A A P Suaide, T Sugitate, C Suire, M Suleymanov, M Suljic, R Sultanov, M Šumbera, S Sumowidagdo, S Swain, A Szabo, I Szarka, U Tabassam, G Taillepied, J Takahashi, G J Tambave, S Tang, M Tarhini, M G Tarzila, A Tauro, G Tejeda Muñoz, A Telesca, C Terrevoli, D Thakur, S Thakur, D Thomas, F Thoresen, R Tieulent, A Tikhonov, A R Timmins, A Toia, N Topilskaya, M Toppi, F Torales-Acosta, S R Torres, A Trifiro, S Tripathy, T Tripathy, S Trogolo, G Trombetta, L Tropp, V Trubnikov, W H Trzaska, T P Trzcinski, B A Trzeciak, T Tsuji, A Tumkin, R Turrisi, T S Tveter, K Ullaland, E N Umaka, A Uras, G L Usai, A Utrobicic, M Vala, N Valle, S Vallero, N van der Kolk, L V R van Doremalen, M van Leeuwen, P Vande Vyvre, D Varga, Z Varga, M Varga-Kofarago, A Vargas, M Vasileiou, A Vasiliev, O Vázquez Doce, V Vechernin, A M Veen, E Vercellin, S Vergara Limón, L Vermunt, R Vernet, R Vértesi, L Vickovic, Z Vilakazi, O Villalobos Baillie, A Villatoro Tello, G Vino, A Vinogradov, T Virgili, V Vislavicius, A Vodopyanov, B Volkel, M A Völkl, K Voloshin, S A Voloshin, G Volpe, B von Haller, I Vorobyev, D Voscek, J Vrláková, B Wagner, M Weber, S G Weber, A Wegrzynek, D F Weiser, S C Wenzel, J P Wessels, J Wiechula, J Wikne, G Wilk, J Wilkinson, G A Willems, E Willsher, B Windelband, M Winn, W E Witt, Y Wu, R Xu, S Yalcin, K Yamakawa, S Yang, S Yano, Z Yin, H Yokoyama, I-K Yoo, J H Yoon, S Yuan, A Yuncu, V Yurchenko, V Zaccolo, A Zaman, C Zampolli, H J C Zanoli, N Zardoshti, A Zarochentsev, P Závada, N Zaviyalov, H Zbroszczyk, M Zhalov, S Zhang, X Zhang, Z Zhang, V Zherebchevskii, D Zhou, Y Zhou, Z Zhou, J Zhu, Y Zhu, A Zichichi, M B Zimmermann, G Zinovjev, N Zurlo,

Affiliations

  1. Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India.
  2. Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, ?ež u Prahy, Czech Republic.
  3. Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany.
  4. Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden.
  5. Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
  6. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland.
  7. Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy.
  8. Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi," Rome, Italy.
  9. INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  10. Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
  11. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
  12. NRC ?Kurchatov Institute?-ITEP, Moscow, Russia.
  13. Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany.
  14. Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
  15. National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia.
  16. INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy.
  17. Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
  18. Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
  19. COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  20. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy.
  21. Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine.
  22. Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
  23. Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
  24. St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  25. Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania.
  26. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
  27. Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Münster, Germany.
  28. Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
  29. Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States.
  30. Rudjer Boškovi? Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
  31. INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy.
  32. University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States.
  33. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States.
  34. SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Université de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France.
  35. Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
  36. Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3/CNRS), Université de Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
  37. INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy.
  38. Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
  39. Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India.
  40. Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France.
  41. Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
  42. Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
  43. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy.
  44. Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy.
  45. Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary.
  46. Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom.
  47. Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
  48. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy.
  49. Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States.
  50. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia.
  51. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India.
  52. Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru.
  53. Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  54. Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands.
  55. Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
  56. Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France.
  57. NRNU Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia.
  58. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia.
  59. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States.
  60. Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania.
  61. Bose Institute, Department of Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India.
  62. Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India.
  63. INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy.
  64. Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
  65. Technische Universität München, Excellence Cluster 'Universe', Munich, Germany.
  66. The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States.
  67. Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
  68. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States.
  69. Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy.
  70. Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia.
  71. Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  72. Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States.
  73. Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
  74. Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland.
  75. Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy.
  76. University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
  77. Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russia.
  78. Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria.
  79. iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa.
  80. University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  81. Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
  82. The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland.
  83. Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
  84. High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
  85. Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy.
  86. INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
  87. INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy.
  88. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India.
  89. Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France.
  90. University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
  91. University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  92. Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France.
  93. Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica dell'Università del Piemonte Orientale and INFN Sezione di Torino, Alessandria, Italy.
  94. Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil.
  95. Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
  96. Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
  97. National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India.
  98. Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello" dell'Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy.
  99. Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
  100. Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India.
  101. National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland.
  102. Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica "M. Merlin" and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy.
  103. Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba.
  104. Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States.
  105. Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
  106. Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
  107. NRC Kurchatov Institute IHEP, Protvino, Russia.
  108. INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
  109. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico.
  110. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece.
  111. Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
  112. National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan.
  113. Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
  114. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
  115. A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia.
  116. University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
  117. Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan.
  118. Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
  119. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico.
  120. Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
  121. Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia.
  122. KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey.
  123. Hochschule Worms, Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT), Worms, Germany.
  124. Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  125. University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
  126. Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
  127. Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea.
  128. Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  129. California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, United States.
  130. Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
  131. University of South-Eastern Norway, Tonsberg, Norway.
  132. China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China.
  133. Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
  134. Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
  135. Università degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
  136. INFN, Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy.
  137. Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università "La Sapienza" and Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy.
  138. Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovakia.
  139. Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia.
  140. Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
  141. Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India.
  142. Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
  143. Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
  144. Nara Women's University (NWU), Nara, Japan.
  145. Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  146. Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France.
  147. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

PMID: 32678650 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.012301

Abstract

The first evidence of spin alignment of vector mesons (K^{*0} and ϕ) in heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is reported. The spin density matrix element ρ_{00} is measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy (sqrt[s_{NN}]) of 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector. ρ_{00} values are found to be less than 1/3 (1/3 implies no spin alignment) at low transverse momentum (p_{T}<2  GeV/c) for K^{*0} and ϕ at a level of 3σ and 2σ, respectively. No significant spin alignment is observed for the K_{S}^{0} meson (spin=0) in Pb-Pb collisions and for the vector mesons in pp collisions. The measured spin alignment is unexpectedly large but qualitatively consistent with the expectation from models which attribute it to a polarization of quarks in the presence of angular momentum in heavy-ion collisions and a subsequent hadronization by the process of recombination.

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