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Living Rev Relativ. 2018;21(1):3. doi: 10.1007/s41114-018-0012-9. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA.

Living reviews in relativity

B P Abbott, R Abbott, T D Abbott, M R Abernathy, F Acernese, K Ackley, C Adams, T Adams, P Addesso, R X Adhikari, V B Adya, C Affeldt, M Agathos, K Agatsuma, N Aggarwal, O D Aguiar, L Aiello, A Ain, P Ajith, T Akutsu, B Allen, A Allocca, P A Altin, A Ananyeva, S B Anderson, W G Anderson, M Ando, S Appert, K Arai, A Araya, M C Araya, J S Areeda, N Arnaud, K G Arun, H Asada, S Ascenzi, G Ashton, Y Aso, M Ast, S M Aston, P Astone, S Atsuta, P Aufmuth, C Aulbert, A Avila-Alvarez, K Awai, S Babak, P Bacon, M K M Bader, L Baiotti, P T Baker, F Baldaccini, G Ballardin, S W Ballmer, J C Barayoga, S E Barclay, B C Barish, D Barker, F Barone, B Barr, L Barsotti, M Barsuglia, D Barta, J Bartlett, M A Barton, I Bartos, R Bassiri, A Basti, J C Batch, C Baune, V Bavigadda, M Bazzan, B Bécsy, C Beer, M Bejger, I Belahcene, M Belgin, A S Bell, B K Berger, G Bergmann, C P L Berry, D Bersanetti, A Bertolini, J Betzwieser, S Bhagwat, R Bhandare, I A Bilenko, G Billingsley, C R Billman, J Birch, R Birney, O Birnholtz, S Biscans, A Bisht, M Bitossi, C Biwer, M A Bizouard, J K Blackburn, J Blackman, C D Blair, D G Blair, R M Blair, S Bloemen, O Bock, M Boer, G Bogaert, A Bohe, F Bondu, R Bonnand, B A Boom, R Bork, V Boschi, S Bose, Y Bouffanais, A Bozzi, C Bradaschia, P R Brady, V B Braginsky, M Branchesi, J E Brau, T Briant, A Brillet, M Brinkmann, V Brisson, P Brockill, J E Broida, A F Brooks, D A Brown, D D Brown, N M Brown, S Brunett, C C Buchanan, A Buikema, T Bulik, H J Bulten, A Buonanno, D Buskulic, C Buy, R L Byer, M Cabero, L Cadonati, G Cagnoli, C Cahillane, J Calderón Bustillo, T A Callister, E Calloni, J B Camp, K C Cannon, H Cao, J Cao, C D Capano, E Capocasa, F Carbognani, S Caride, J Casanueva Diaz, C Casentini, S Caudill, M Cavaglià, F Cavalier, R Cavalieri, G Cella, C B Cepeda, L Cerboni Baiardi, G Cerretani, E Cesarini, S J Chamberlin, M Chan, S Chao, P Charlton, E Chassande-Mottin, B D Cheeseboro, H Y Chen, Y Chen, H-P Cheng, A Chincarini, A Chiummo, T Chmiel, H S Cho, M Cho, J H Chow, N Christensen, Q Chu, A J K Chua, S Chua, S Chung, G Ciani, F Clara, J A Clark, F Cleva, C Cocchieri, E Coccia, P-F Cohadon, A Colla, C G Collette, L Cominsky, M Constancio, L Conti, S J Cooper, T R Corbitt, N Cornish, A Corsi, S Cortese, C A Costa, M W Coughlin, S B Coughlin, J-P Coulon, S T Countryman, P Couvares, P B Covas, E E Cowan, D M Coward, M J Cowart, D C Coyne, R Coyne, J D E Creighton, T D Creighton, J Cripe, S G Crowder, T J Cullen, A Cumming, L Cunningham, E Cuoco, T Dal Canton, S L Danilishin, S D'Antonio, K Danzmann, A Dasgupta, C F Da Silva Costa, V Dattilo, I Dave, M Davier, G S Davies, D Davis, E J Daw, B Day, R Day, S De, D DeBra, G Debreczeni, J Degallaix, M De Laurentis, S Deléglise, W Del Pozzo, T Denker, T Dent, V Dergachev, R De Rosa, R T DeRosa, R DeSalvo, R C Devine, S Dhurandhar, M C Díaz, L Di Fiore, M Di Giovanni, T Di Girolamo, A Di Lieto, S Di Pace, I Di Palma, A Di Virgilio, Z Doctor, K Doi, V Dolique, F Donovan, K L Dooley, S Doravari, I Dorrington, R Douglas, M Dovale Álvarez, T P Downes, M Drago, R W P Drever, J C Driggers, Z Du, M Ducrot, S E Dwyer, K Eda, T B Edo, M C Edwards, A Effler, H-B Eggenstein, P Ehrens, J Eichholz, S S Eikenberry, R A Eisenstein, R C Essick, Z Etienne, T Etzel, M Evans, T M Evans, R Everett, M Factourovich, V Fafone, H Fair, S Fairhurst, X Fan, S Farinon, B Farr, W M Farr, E J Fauchon-Jones, M Favata, M Fays, H Fehrmann, M M Fejer, A Fernández Galiana, I Ferrante, E C Ferreira, F Ferrini, F Fidecaro, I Fiori, D Fiorucci, R P Fisher, R Flaminio, M Fletcher, H Fong, S S Forsyth, J-D Fournier, S Frasca, F Frasconi, Z Frei, A Freise, R Frey, V Frey, E M Fries, P Fritschel, V V Frolov, Y Fujii, M-K Fujimoto, P Fulda, M Fyffe, H Gabbard, B U Gadre, S M Gaebel, J R Gair, L Gammaitoni, S G Gaonkar, F Garufi, G Gaur, V Gayathri, N Gehrels, G Gemme, E Genin, A Gennai, J George, L Gergely, V Germain, S Ghonge, Abhirup Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh, S Ghosh, J A Giaime, K D Giardina, A Giazotto, K Gill, A Glaefke, E Goetz, R Goetz, L Gondan, G González, J M Gonzalez Castro, A Gopakumar, M L Gorodetsky, S E Gossan, M Gosselin, R Gouaty, A Grado, C Graef, M Granata, A Grant, S Gras, C Gray, G Greco, A C Green, P Groot, H Grote, S Grunewald, G M Guidi, X Guo, A Gupta, M K Gupta, K E Gushwa, E K Gustafson, R Gustafson, J J Hacker, A Hagiwara, B R Hall, E D Hall, G Hammond, M Haney, M M Hanke, J Hanks, C Hanna, M D Hannam, J Hanson, T Hardwick, J Harms, G M Harry, I W Harry, M J Hart, M T Hartman, C-J Haster, K Haughian, K Hayama, J Healy, A Heidmann, M C Heintze, H Heitmann, P Hello, G Hemming, M Hendry, I S Heng, J Hennig, J Henry, A W Heptonstall, M Heurs, S Hild, E Hirose, D Hoak, D Hofman, K Holt, D E Holz, P Hopkins, J Hough, E A Houston, E J Howell, Y M Hu, E A Huerta, D Huet, B Hughey, S Husa, S H Huttner, T Huynh-Dinh, N Indik, D R Ingram, R Inta, K Ioka, H N Isa, J-M Isac, M Isi, T Isogai, Y Itoh, B R Iyer, K Izumi, T Jacqmin, K Jani, P Jaranowski, S Jawahar, F Jiménez-Forteza, W W Johnson, D I Jones, R Jones, R J G Jonker, L Ju, J Junker, T Kagawa, T Kajita, M Kakizaki, C V Kalaghatgi, V Kalogera, M Kamiizumi, N Kanda, S Kandhasamy, S Kanemura, M Kaneyama, G Kang, J B Kanner, S Karki, K S Karvinen, M Kasprzack, Y Kataoka, E Katsavounidis, W Katzman, S Kaufer, T Kaur, K Kawabe, N Kawai, S Kawamura, F Kéfélian, D Keitel, D B Kelley, R Kennedy, J S Key, F Y Khalili, I Khan, S Khan, Z Khan, E A Khazanov, N Kijbunchoo, C Kim, H Kim, J C Kim, J Kim, W Kim, Y-M Kim, S J Kimbrell, N Kimura, E J King, P J King, R Kirchhoff, J S Kissel, B Klein, L Kleybolte, S Klimenko, P Koch, S M Koehlenbeck, Y Kojima, K Kokeyama, S Koley, K Komori, V Kondrashov, A Kontos, M Korobko, W Z Korth, K Kotake, I Kowalska, D B Kozak, C Krämer, V Kringel, B Krishnan, A Królak, G Kuehn, P Kumar, Rahul Kumar, Rakesh Kumar, L Kuo, K Kuroda, A Kutynia, Y Kuwahara, B D Lackey, M Landry, R N Lang, J Lange, B Lantz, R K Lanza, A Lartaux-Vollard, P D Lasky, M Laxen, A Lazzarini, C Lazzaro, P Leaci, S Leavey, E O Lebigot, C H Lee, H K Lee, H M Lee, H W Lee, K Lee, J Lehmann, A Lenon, M Leonardi, J R Leong, N Leroy, N Letendre, Y Levin, T G F Li, A Libson, T B Littenberg, J Liu, N A Lockerbie, A L Lombardi, L T London, J E Lord, M Lorenzini, V Loriette, M Lormand, G Losurdo, J D Lough, C O Lousto, G Lovelace, H Lück, A P Lundgren, R Lynch, Y Ma, S Macfoy, B Machenschalk, M MacInnis, D M Macleod, F Magaña-Sandoval, E Majorana, I Maksimovic, V Malvezzi, N Man, V Mandic, V Mangano, S Mano, G L Mansell, M Manske, M Mantovani, F Marchesoni, M Marchio, F Marion, S Márka, Z Márka, A S Markosyan, E Maros, F Martelli, L Martellini, I W Martin, D V Martynov, K Mason, A Masserot, T J Massinger, M Masso-Reid, S Mastrogiovanni, F Matichard, L Matone, N Matsumoto, F Matsushima, N Mavalvala, N Mazumder, R McCarthy, D E McClelland, S McCormick, C McGrath, S C McGuire, G McIntyre, J McIver, D J McManus, T McRae, S T McWilliams, D Meacher, G D Meadors, J Meidam, A Melatos, G Mendell, D Mendoza-Gandara, R A Mercer, E L Merilh, M Merzougui, S Meshkov, C Messenger, C Messick, R Metzdorff, P M Meyers, F Mezzani, H Miao, C Michel, Y Michimura, H Middleton, E E Mikhailov, L Milano, A L Miller, A Miller, B B Miller, J Miller, M Millhouse, Y Minenkov, J Ming, S Mirshekari, C Mishra, V P Mitrofanov, G Mitselmakher, R Mittleman, O Miyakawa, A Miyamoto, T Miyamoto, S Miyoki, A Moggi, M Mohan, S R P Mohapatra, M Montani, B C Moore, C J Moore, D Moraru, G Moreno, W Morii, S Morisaki, Y Moriwaki, S R Morriss, B Mours, C M Mow-Lowry, G Mueller, A W Muir, Arunava Mukherjee, D Mukherjee, S Mukherjee, N Mukund, A Mullavey, J Munch, E A M Muniz, P G Murray, A Mytidis, S Nagano, K Nakamura, T Nakamura, H Nakano, Masaya Nakano, Masayuki Nakano, K Nakao, K Napier, I Nardecchia, T Narikawa, L Naticchioni, G Nelemans, T J N Nelson, M Neri, M Nery, A Neunzert, J M Newport, G Newton, T T Nguyen, W-T Ni, A B Nielsen, S Nissanke, A Nitz, A Noack, F Nocera, D Nolting, M E N Normandin, L K Nuttall, J Oberling, E Ochsner, E Oelker, G H Ogin, J J Oh, S H Oh, M Ohashi, N Ohishi, M Ohkawa, F Ohme, K Okutomi, M Oliver, K Ono, Y Ono, K Oohara, P Oppermann, Richard J Oram, B O'Reilly, R O'Shaughnessy, D J Ottaway, H Overmier, B J Owen, A E Pace, J Page, A Pai, S A Pai, J R Palamos, O Palashov, C Palomba, A Pal-Singh, H Pan, C Pankow, F Pannarale, B C Pant, F Paoletti, A Paoli, M A Papa, H R Paris, W Parker, D Pascucci, A Pasqualetti, R Passaquieti, D Passuello, B Patricelli, B L Pearlstone, M Pedraza, R Pedurand, L Pekowsky, A Pele, F E Peña Arellano, S Penn, C J Perez, A Perreca, L M Perri, H P Pfeiffer, M Phelps, O J Piccinni, M Pichot, F Piergiovanni, V Pierro, G Pillant, L Pinard, I M Pinto, M Pitkin, M Poe, R Poggiani, P Popolizio, A Post, J Powell, J Prasad, J W W Pratt, V Predoi, T Prestegard, M Prijatelj, M Principe, S Privitera, G A Prodi, L G Prokhorov, O Puncken, M Punturo, P Puppo, M Pürrer, H Qi, J Qin, S Qiu, V Quetschke, E A Quintero, R Quitzow-James, F J Raab, D S Rabeling, H Radkins, P Raffai, S Raja, C Rajan, M Rakhmanov, P Rapagnani, V Raymond, M Razzano, V Re, J Read, T Regimbau, L Rei, S Reid, D H Reitze, H Rew, S D Reyes, E Rhoades, F Ricci, K Riles, M Rizzo, N A Robertson, R Robie, F Robinet, A Rocchi, L Rolland, J G Rollins, V J Roma, R Romano, J H Romie, D Rosińska, S Rowan, A Rüdiger, P Ruggi, K Ryan, S Sachdev, T Sadecki, L Sadeghian, N Sago, M Saijo, Y Saito, K Sakai, M Sakellariadou, L Salconi, M Saleem, F Salemi, A Samajdar, L Sammut, L M Sampson, E J Sanchez, V Sandberg, J R Sanders, Y Sasaki, B Sassolas, B S Sathyaprakash, S Sato, T Sato, P R Saulson, O Sauter, R L Savage, A Sawadsky, P Schale, J Scheuer, E Schmidt, J Schmidt, P Schmidt, R Schnabel, R M S Schofield, A Schönbeck, E Schreiber, D Schuette, B F Schutz, S G Schwalbe, J Scott, S M Scott, T Sekiguchi, Y Sekiguchi, D Sellers, A S Sengupta, D Sentenac, V Sequino, A Sergeev, Y Setyawati, D A Shaddock, T J Shaffer, M S Shahriar, B Shapiro, P Shawhan, A Sheperd, M Shibata, Y Shikano, T Shimoda, A Shoda, D H Shoemaker, D M Shoemaker, K Siellez, X Siemens, M Sieniawska, D Sigg, A D Silva, A Singer, L P Singer, A Singh, R Singh, A Singhal, A M Sintes, B J J Slagmolen, B Smith, J R Smith, R J E Smith, K Somiya, E J Son, B Sorazu, F Sorrentino, T Souradeep, A P Spencer, A K Srivastava, A Staley, M Steinke, J Steinlechner, S Steinlechner, D Steinmeyer, B C Stephens, S P Stevenson, R Stone, K A Strain, N Straniero, G Stratta, S E Strigin, R Sturani, A L Stuver, Y Sugimoto, T Z Summerscales, L Sun, S Sunil, P J Sutton, T Suzuki, B L Swinkels, M J Szczepańczyk, M Tacca, H Tagoshi, S Takada, H Takahashi, R Takahashi, A Takamori, D Talukder, H Tanaka, K Tanaka, T Tanaka, D B Tanner, M Tápai, A Taracchini, D Tatsumi, R Taylor, S Telada, T Theeg, E G Thomas, M Thomas, P Thomas, K A Thorne, E Thrane, T Tippens, S Tiwari, V Tiwari, K V Tokmakov, K Toland, T Tomaru, C Tomlinson, M Tonelli, Z Tornasi, C I Torrie, D Töyrä, F Travasso, G Traylor, D Trifirò, J Trinastic, M C Tringali, L Trozzo, M Tse, R Tso, K Tsubono, T Tsuzuki, M Turconi, D Tuyenbayev, T Uchiyama, T Uehara, S Ueki, K Ueno, D Ugolini, C S Unnikrishnan, A L Urban, T Ushiba, S A Usman, H Vahlbruch, G Vajente, G Valdes, N van Bakel, M van Beuzekom, J F J van den Brand, C Van Den Broeck, D C Vander-Hyde, L van der Schaaf, J V van Heijningen, M H P M van Putten, A A van Veggel, M Vardaro, V Varma, S Vass, M Vasúth, A Vecchio, G Vedovato, J Veitch, P J Veitch, K Venkateswara, G Venugopalan, D Verkindt, F Vetrano, A Viceré, A D Viets, S Vinciguerra, D J Vine, J-Y Vinet, S Vitale, T Vo, H Vocca, C Vorvick, D V Voss, W D Vousden, S P Vyatchanin, A R Wade, L E Wade, M Wade, T Wakamatsu, M Walker, L Wallace, S Walsh, G Wang, H Wang, M Wang, Y Wang, R L Ward, J Warner, M Was, J Watchi, B Weaver, L-W Wei, M Weinert, A J Weinstein, R Weiss, L Wen, P Weßels, T Westphal, K Wette, J T Whelan, B F Whiting, C Whittle, D Williams, R D Williams, A R Williamson, J L Willis, B Willke, M H Wimmer, W Winkler, C C Wipf, H Wittel, G Woan, J Woehler, J Worden, J L Wright, D S Wu, G Wu, W Yam, H Yamamoto, K Yamamoto, T Yamamoto, C C Yancey, K Yano, M J Yap, J Yokoyama, T Yokozawa, T H Yoon, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, H Yuzurihara, M Yvert, A Zadrożny, L Zangrando, M Zanolin, S Zeidler, J-P Zendri, M Zevin, L Zhang, M Zhang, T Zhang, Y Zhang, C Zhao, M Zhou, Z Zhou, S J Zhu, X J Zhu, M E Zucker, J Zweizig,

Affiliations

  1. 1LIGO, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
  2. 2Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
  3. 3American University, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
  4. 4Università di Salerno, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno Italy.
  5. 5INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo, I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
  6. 6University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
  7. 7LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754 USA.
  8. 8Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
  9. 9University of Sannio at Benevento, I-82100 Benevento, Italy.
  10. 10INFN, Sezione di Napoli, I-80100 Napoli, Italy.
  11. 11Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
  12. 12Nikhef, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  13. 13LIGO, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
  14. 14Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 12227-010 São José dos Campos, São Paulo Brazil.
  15. 15INFN, Gran Sasso Science Institute, I-67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
  16. 16INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy.
  17. 17Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune, 411007 India.
  18. 18International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, 560089 India.
  19. 19National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Ohsawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8588 Japan.
  20. 20University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 USA.
  21. 21Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
  22. 22Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
  23. 23INFN, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
  24. 24Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia.
  25. 25The University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan.
  26. 26The University of Tokyo, Research Center for the Early Universe, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan.
  27. 27The University of Tokyo, Earthquake Research Institute, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032 Japan.
  28. 28California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA.
  29. 29LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91898 Orsay, France.
  30. 30Chennai Mathematical Institute, Chennai, 603103 India.
  31. 31Hirosaki University, Department of Advanced Physics, 3, Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki-shi, Aomori 036-8561 Japan.
  32. 32Università di Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy.
  33. 33Universität Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
  34. 34INFN, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  35. 35Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551 Japan.
  36. 36The University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Higashi-Mozumi 238, Kamioka-cho, Hida-shi, Gifu 506-1205 Japan.
  37. 37Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
  38. 38APC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France.
  39. 39Osaka University, Graduate School of Science, Physics, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 560-0043 Japan.
  40. 40West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
  41. 41Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
  42. 42Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
  43. 43INFN, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
  44. 44European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), I-56021 Cascina, Pisa Italy.
  45. 45Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
  46. 46SUPA, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ United Kingdom.
  47. 47LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
  48. 48Wigner RCP, RMKI, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
  49. 49Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA.
  50. 50Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
  51. 51Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, I-35131 Padova, Italy.
  52. 52INFN, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.
  53. 53MTA Eötvös University, "Lendulet" Astrophysics Research Group, Budapest, 1117 Hungary.
  54. 54Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland.
  55. 55Center for Relativistic Astrophysics and School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
  56. 56University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT United Kingdom.
  57. 57Università degli Studi di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy.
  58. 58INFN, Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy.
  59. 59RRCAT, Indore, MP 452013 India.
  60. 60Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
  61. 61SUPA, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, PA1 2BE United Kingdom.
  62. Caltech CaRT, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
  63. 63University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009 Australia.
  64. 64Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  65. 65Artemis, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Observatoire Côte d'Azur, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4, France.
  66. 66Institut de Physique de Rennes, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, F-35042 Rennes, France.
  67. 67Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
  68. 68Università degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo', I-61029 Urbino, Italy.
  69. 69INFN, Sezione di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy.
  70. 70University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
  71. 71Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France.
  72. 72Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057 USA.
  73. 73Astronomical Observatory Warsaw University, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland.
  74. 74VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  75. 75University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA.
  76. 76Laboratoire des Matériaux Avancés (LMA), CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
  77. 77Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
  78. 78Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo, I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
  79. 79NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
  80. 80University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia.
  81. 81Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China.
  82. 82Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
  83. 83The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA.
  84. 84The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA.
  85. 85National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan Republic of China.
  86. 86Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678 Australia.
  87. 87University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
  88. 88Kenyon College, Gambier, OH 43022 USA.
  89. 89Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141 Korea.
  90. 90University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1TN United Kingdom.
  91. 91Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  92. 92Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050 Belgium.
  93. 93Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928 USA.
  94. 94Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
  95. 95Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
  96. 96Universitat de les Illes Balears, IAC3-IEEC, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
  97. 97The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA.
  98. 98Bellevue College, Bellevue, WA 98007 USA.
  99. 99Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428 India.
  100. 100The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN United Kingdom.
  101. 101California State University, Los Angeles, 5154 State University Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
  102. 102Università di Trento, Dipartimento di Fisica, I-38123 Povo, Trento Italy.
  103. 103INFN, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, I-38123 Povo, Trento Italy.
  104. 104University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama-shi, Toyama 930-8555 Japan.
  105. 105Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA United Kingdom.
  106. 106Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
  107. 107Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H8 Canada.
  108. 108School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD United Kingdom.
  109. University and Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007 India.
  110. 110IISER-TVM, CET Campus, Trivandrum Kerala, 695016 India.
  111. 111University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Szeged, 6720 Hungary.
  112. 112Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA.
  113. 113Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005 India.
  114. 114INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, I-80131 Napoli, Italy.
  115. 115University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
  116. 116High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1, Oho, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan.
  117. 117Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
  118. 118NCSA, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
  119. 119Center for Gravitational Physics, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan.
  120. 120University of Bia?ystok, 15-424 Bia?ystok, Poland.
  121. 121SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ United Kingdom.
  122. 122University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ United Kingdom.
  123. 123Osaka City University, Department of Physics, 3-3-138, Sugimoto-cho, Sumiyosi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 558-8585 Japan.
  124. 124University of Washington Bothell, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011 USA.
  125. 125Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia.
  126. 126Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), 776, Daedeokdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055 Republic of Korea.
  127. 127National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, 34047 Korea.
  128. 128Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae-si, 50834 Korea.
  129. 129Myongji University, Yongin, 449-728 Korea.
  130. 130Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 Korea.
  131. 131Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea.
  132. 132Hiroshima University, Department of Physical Science, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan.
  133. 133Department of Applied Physics, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Jonan, Nanakuma 814-0180 Japan.
  134. 134NCBJ, 05-400 ?wierk-Otwock, Poland.
  135. 135Institute of Mathematics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00656 Warsaw, Poland.
  136. 136The School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria Australia.
  137. 137Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791 Korea.
  138. 138The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT Hong Kong.
  139. 139University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
  140. 140ESPCI, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
  141. 141University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
  142. 142The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Department of Mathematical Analysis and Statistical Inference, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8562 Japan.
  143. 143Università di Camerino, Dipartimento di Fisica, I-62032 Camerino, Italy.
  144. 144Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0826 Japan.
  145. 145Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
  146. 146The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia.
  147. 147College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
  148. 148Instituto de Física Teórica, University Estadual Paulista/ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research, São Paulo, SP 01140-070 Brazil.
  149. 149The Kyoto University, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 Japan.
  150. 150National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, The Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute , 4-2-1, Nukuikita-machi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8795 Japan.
  151. 151Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Astronomy, Oiwake-cho, KitaShirakawa, Sakyou-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan.
  152. 152National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013 ROC.
  153. 153University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, 516, Jun Gong Rd, Shanghai, 200093 P. R. China.
  154. 154Whitman College, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
  155. 155Niigata University, Faculty of Engineering, 8050, Ikarashi-2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata 950-2181 Japan.
  156. 156Sokendai (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 2-21-1, Ohsawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8588 Japan.
  157. 157Niigata University, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 8050, Ikarashi-2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 950-2181 Japan.
  158. 158Université de Lyon, F-69361 Lyon, France.
  159. 159Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, NY 14456 USA.
  160. 160Janusz Gil Institute of Astronomy, University of Zielona Góra, 65-265 Zielona Góra, Poland.
  161. 161Kyushu University, Faculty of Arts and Science, 744, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan.
  162. 162Waseda University, Department of Physics, 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555 Japan.
  163. 163Nagaoka University of Technology, Department of Information Science and Control Engineering, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188 Japan.
  164. King's College London, University of London, London, WC2R 2LS United Kingdom.
  165. 165IISER-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741252 India.
  166. 166Nagaoka University of Technology, Department of Information & Management Systems Engineering, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188 Japan.
  167. 167Hosei University, The Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kajino-cho 3-7-2, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8584 Japan.
  168. 168Toho University, Faculty of Science, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba Japan.
  169. Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382424 India.
  170. 170Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585 Japan.
  171. 171Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University, 1 University Dr, Orange, CA 92866 USA.
  172. 172Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA.
  173. 173National Institutes of Natural Sciences, The Device Engineering and Applied Physics Research Division, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki city, GIFU Prefecture 509-5292 Japan.
  174. 174National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Metrology Institute of Japan, 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan.
  175. 175Università di Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
  176. 176National Defense Academy of Japan, Department of Communications Engineering, Hashirimizu 1-10-20, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa-Pref 239-8686 Japan.
  177. 177Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA.
  178. 178Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, 143-747 Seoul South Korea.
  179. 179University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
  180. 180Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX 79699 USA.
  181. 181Department of Physics, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841 Korea.

PMID: 29725242 PMCID: PMC5920066 DOI: 10.1007/s41114-018-0012-9

Abstract

We present possible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals, and study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source. We report our findings for gravitational-wave transients, with particular focus on gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary neutron star systems, which are the most promising targets for multi-messenger astronomy. The ability to localize the sources of the detected signals depends on the geographical distribution of the detectors and their relative sensitivity, and [Formula: see text] credible regions can be as large as thousands of square degrees when only two sensitive detectors are operational. Determining the sky position of a significant fraction of detected signals to areas of 5-[Formula: see text] requires at least three detectors of sensitivity within a factor of [Formula: see text] of each other and with a broad frequency bandwidth. When all detectors, including KAGRA and the third LIGO detector in India, reach design sensitivity, a significant fraction of gravitational-wave signals will be localized to a few square degrees by gravitational-wave observations alone.

Keywords: Data analysis; Electromagnetic counterparts; Gravitational waves; Gravitational-wave detectors

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